Role of IFN-γ and IL-6 Cytokines and Their Association in Determining Susceptibility to Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

Abstract

Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria (CIU) is a common skin disorder, which may occur spontaneously. The aim of the present study was to assess the serum levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-6 and to examine the association of IFN-γ+874 T/A and IL-6-174 G/C cytokine gene polymorphisms. To accomplish this, ELISA-based cytokine serum levels of IFN-γ (n=30) and IL-6 (n=30) in CIU patients (n=100) and Healthy Controls (HC) (n=200) were performed. Amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was performed to verify the positional significance. A significant (p<0.0001) increase in the serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 was recorded in CIU patients compared to HC. The AT and TT genotypes of IFN-γ and GG genotype of IL-6 were found to be significantly associated with CIU. In conclusion, our findings show a significant increase in the cytokine levels of IFN-γ and IL-6, highlighting their regulatory role in the development of disease. In addition to this, association studies have revealed that TT genotype of IFN-γ +874 T/A and GG genotype of IL-6-174 G/C were susceptible towards the CIU.

Different expression patterns of plasma Th1‐, Th2‐, Th17‐ and Th22‐related cytokines correlate with serum autoreactivity and allergen sensitivity in chronic spontaneous urticaria

“…31 IL-21 from the interleukin-2 family, in synergy with IL15 and IL18, can stimulate IFN-c production in T cells. [33][34][35] In the current study, positive ASST and/or positive SPT CSU have higher levels of IFN-c, IL-2 and IL-21, which can activate the basophils leading to a high CD63 expression. [33][34][35] In the current study, positive ASST and/or positive SPT CSU have higher levels of IFN-c, IL-2 and IL-21, which can activate the basophils leading to a high CD63 expression.…”

“…32 Synergistic effects of IFN-c, IL-2 and IL-21 display positive regulation of the molecular mediators in immune response and control of lymphocytemediated immunity. [33][34][35] In the current study, positive ASST and/or positive SPT CSU have higher levels of IFN-c, IL-2 and IL-21, which can activate the basophils leading to a high CD63 expression. This may be one of the reasons to explain why CSU patients with both allergen sensitization and serum autoreactivity had the highest level of CD63 expression.…”

MicroRNA‐194 reduces inflammatory response and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells permeability through suppression of TGF‐β/SMAD pathway by inhibiting THBS1 in chronic idiopathic urticaria

“…38 TGF-β, which is implicated in urticaria pathogenesis, functions as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Also, the expression of miR-194 and IFN-γ reduced while the expression of THBS1, TGF-β, Smad3, smad3 phosphorylation, and IL-4 promoted.…”

IL-6 Transsignaling in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

“…Recently, it has been reported that IL-6 family of cytokines, may play an important role in pathogenesis of CSU [ 2 , 11 ].…”