Role of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of brain tumors: A single institutional experience

Venugopal, M; Venkata, Renuka Inuganti; Garikaparthi, Sailabala; Kakarala, Satya Varaprasad; Duttaluru, Seshadri Sekhar

doi:10.4103/2277-8632.154262

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Other studies in India and Pakistan reported an incidence much higher; up to 38%. 1,2,7 60 cases (8.4%) of pituitary adenoma were reported, similar to other studies; where the incidence was ranged from 6 to 11%. 1,2,3,5, However Javaria et al from Pakistan 8 reported a very low incidence of sellar tumours 2.6% and Kyon von Jung et al from Korea reported an incidence of 20%.…”

Section: Brain Tumourssupporting

confidence: 88%

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A Five-Year Histopathological Review of CNS Tumours in a Tertiary Centre With Emphasis on Diagnostic Aspects of Uncommon Tumours

Premalatha¹,

Inuganti²,

Boregowda³

et al. 2016

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Tumours of central nervous system (CNS) are of varied histogenesis and show divergent lines of differentiation and morphological features. These tumours show specific predilection for age and sex groups, more commonly than of tumours of other systems. Though tumours of glial tissue are more common, other tumours of neural, ependymal and meningeal origin are not uncommon. Metastatic disease is the common encounter in elderly. Tumour diagnosis is not always straight forward as many non-neoplastic lesions and reactive proliferations mimic tumours. Immunohistochemistry may help in problematic cases and thus can be used as an adjuvant tool in the diagnosis of such cases in addition to the routine histopathological staining methods. An accurate histological diagnosis is of extreme importance in these sites as exact diagnosis helps in proper management and favourable clinical outcome. MATERIAL & METHODS This study is on a retrospective and prospective basis in our institution from January 2011 to January, 2016. Our institute is a tertiary care center attached to a medical college catering to the needs of a rural based population. During this period, a total of 717 central nervous system tumour specimens were received and diagnosed based on examination of Haematoxylin and Eosin stained sections of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded specimens. Immunohistochemical markers (IHC) were applied in selective cases for an accurate diagnosis and a number of rare cases were diagnosed based on morphology and IHC marker studies. RESULTS Age and sex incidence and anatomic distribution of various tumours were studied. In adults, meningiomas occurred most frequently in the present study followed by nerve sheath tumours, astrocytomas, metastatic deposits, glioblastomas and pituitary adenomas. Embryonal tumours occurred frequently in children. Other rare tumours identified are amyloidogenic pituitary adenoma, central neurocytoma, glioneuronal tumour with neuropil-like islands, ganglioglioma, large cell medulloblastoma, rhabdoid and secretory meningioma, immature teratoma and gliosarcoma. Grading of the tumours was done according to the revised World Health Organization criteria. CONCLUSION In this study, we discuss the process of establishing accurately the diagnosis of central nervous system tumours including spinal tumours, with emphasis on rare tumours encountered and how IHC helped in the diagnosis.

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Section: Brain Tumourssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Metastatic tumours were 7.2% in our study, which was low when compared to other studies where the incidence was from 10 to 12%. 1,2,3,8 In comparison, Javaria et al 8 reported a low incidence of only 4.9% of secondary deposits in their study.…”

Section: Brain Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 73%

A Five-Year Histopathological Review of CNS Tumours in a Tertiary Centre With Emphasis on Diagnostic Aspects of Uncommon Tumours

Premalatha¹,

Inuganti²,

Boregowda³

et al. 2016

jebmh

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“…A variety of tumours occurs in CNS, but still accounts for less than 2% of all malignancies. But because of their location and mass effects, they generally have a poor prognosis [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological spectrum of central nervous system lesions

Joshi

Professor

Awasthi

et al. 2019

Trop J Pathol Microbiol

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Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, in India, constitute 1.9% of all cancers and in U.S. adults-2% of all cancers. Many of the non-neoplastic CNS lesions can clinically & radiologically simulate brain tumours. In such cases, histopathological examination (HPE) can be helpful in differentiating between neoplastic and non-neoplastic etiologies. Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study of histopathological analysis of brain tumours was carried out in TMMC&RC, Department of Pathology from January 2015 to December 2018. The biopsies were processed by routine histological techniques and H&E stained sections were analyzed. Special stains and IHC were performed wherever appropriate. The diagnosed brain tumours were classified according to WHO 2016 classification system. Results: A total of 96 CNS biopsies were studied. The neoplasms constituted 62 (64.6%) cases, which included 60 (96.8%) primary, 1 (1.6%) metastatic and 1 miscellaneous lesion (1.6%). The 3 most common primary tumours were Astrocytic tumours, Schwannomas and Meningiomas. About 34(35.4%) cases were non neoplastic out of which the 2 most common lesions were: Cystic Lesions and non-specific inflammation. Patients' age ranged from 5 days to 80 years. The ratio of number of male and female patients was 1:1.67. IHC for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) was positive in astrocytomas and mixed neuronal-glial tumours. Conclusion: The present study provides information regarding the spectrum and frequency of various CNS lesions in our area and concludes that histological examination of biopsies is gold standard for accurate diagnosis of various lesions of CNS when coupled with radiological and clinical data.

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“…This picture is further complicated by non-neoplastic lesions which can mimic tumours. Immunohistochemical markers have therefore become imperative for the exact diagnosis and subtyping of brain tumours in routine neuropathology practice [22]. Unfortunately, supplementary tests, such as special staining or genetic studies, are rarely available in Africa [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior cranial fossa tumours in children at National Cancer Institute, Sudan: a single institution experience

Elhassan

Osman²,

Parkes

2017

Childs Nerv Syst

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Role of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of brain tumors: A single institutional experience

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

A Five-Year Histopathological Review of CNS Tumours in a Tertiary Centre With Emphasis on Diagnostic Aspects of Uncommon Tumours

A Five-Year Histopathological Review of CNS Tumours in a Tertiary Centre With Emphasis on Diagnostic Aspects of Uncommon Tumours

Histopathological spectrum of central nervous system lesions

Posterior cranial fossa tumours in children at National Cancer Institute, Sudan: a single institution experience

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