Role of inflammation and apoptosis in multiple sclerosis: Comparative analysis between the periphery and the central nervous system

Macchi, Beatrice; Marino-Merlo, Francesca; Nocentini, Ugo; Pisani, Valerio; Cuzzocrea, Salvatore; Grelli, Sandro; Mastino, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.08.016

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…One of the causes of plexus atrophy may be neuronal apoptosis. Besides CNS [12] in the ENS apoptosis of neurons was observed in the colon in patients from severe constipation [13]. It is well-known that apoptosis may be activated by external or internal pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

Kozłowska

Kwiatkowski

Oponowicz

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction. The previously performed studies showed that the presence of colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor is associated with the atrophy of myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of cancer invasion; however, the possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are not known. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the atrophic changes of the enteric nervous system (ENS) within an intestine wall of the CRC patients were caused by apoptosis or necrosis and whether they were associated with changes in the number of galanin-immunoreactive (GAL-Ir) neurons. Material and methods. Samples of the large intestine wall located close to the CRC invasion and control, distally-located part of the colon, were collected from 9 CRC patients. The size of ENS plexuses and the number of neurons were compared. Triple immunofluorescent staining was used to visualize the co-expression of caspase 3 (CASP3) or caspase 8 (CASP8) with GAL and protein gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5, panneuronal marker) in the submucosal and myenteric ENS plexuses. The cells expressing myeloperoxidase (MPO, marker of neutrophils) and CD68 (marker of macrophages) were detected by immunohistochemistry around/in myenteric plexuses (MPs) and in the muscularis externa of the colon wall in the vicinity of tumor invasion. Results. Myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of the CRC tissue were significantly smaller and had lower number of neurons per plexus than distantly located plexuses. The number of CASP8-and CASP3-Ir neurons in the ENS plexuses was similar in the colon wall both close to and distally from tumor invasion. The number of CASP8-Ir neurons within MPs located close to CRC invasion was higher than of CASP3-Ir neurons. The percentage of neurons co-expressing CASP8 and GAL in myenteric plexuses close and distantly from tumor was three-fold lower than of those co-expressing CASP3 and GAL. The mean number of neutrophils and macrophages inside and around myenteric plexuses located close to tumor invasion was higher or similar, respectively, as compared with adjacent muscularis externa. Conclusions. The atrophy of myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of CRC invasion is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis. The differences in the proportions of neurons expressing galanin and the studied caspases suggest as yet unknown role of this neuropeptide in the mechanisms of neuron's atrophy in MPs located close to CRC tumor.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

Kozłowska

Kwiatkowski

Oponowicz

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several recent studies have shown that apoptosis is an important property in the pathogenesis of MS . Apoptosis likely plays a role in the regulation via induced T‐cell death and in processes of tissue damage .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Functional Investigations of Computer Designed Novel Cladribine‐Like Compounds for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Yavuz

Çetin

Akdemir

et al. 2017

Archiv der Pharmazie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cladribine (2-CdA) is used as an anti-cancer drug but is currently studied as a potential treatment for use in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we computer designed, synthesized, and characterized two novel derivatives of 2-CdA, K1-5d and K2-4c, and investigated their underlying mechanism of beneficial effect using the CCRF-CEM and RAJI cell lines. For this purpose, we first determined their effect on MS and DNA damage and repair-related gene expression profiles using custom arrays along with 2-CdA treatment at non-toxic doses. Then, we determined whether cells underwent apoptosis after treatment with 2-CdA, K1-5d, and K2-4c in CCRF-CEM and RAJI cells, using the DNA fragmentation assay. It was found that both derivatives modulated the expression of the pathway-related genes that are important in inflammatory signaling, apoptosis, ATM/ATR, double-strand break repair, and the cell cycle. Furthermore, 2-CdA, K1-5d, and K2-4c significantly activated apoptosis in both cell lines. In summary, our data demonstrate that although both derivatives act as anti-inflammatory and apoptotic agents, inducing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and activating the ultimate tumor suppressor p53 in T and B lymphocytes, the K1-5d derivative has shown more promising activities for further studies.

show abstract

“…La más frecuente de este grupo es la Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) 62 , siendo esta una enfermedad desmielinizante crónica, autoinmune e inflamatoria, cuyos factores de riesgo más frecuentes incluyen las infecciones virales (Epstein-Barr), el tabaquismo, poca o nula exposición a la luz solar y la deficiencia de Vitamina D 62,63 . Se caracteriza por inflamación perivenosa, desmielinización y gliosis 63 .…”

Section: Enfermedad Desmielinizanteunclassified

Diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones cerebrales con realce en anillo en tomografía computarizada y resonancia magnética

Aljure

Arias

Monroy

et al. 2016

Duazary

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMENLa tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética nuclear son técnicas imagenológicas de diagnóstico médico que ofrecen información excelente de diferentes procesos infecciosos, traumáticos o tumorales de cualquier parte del cuerpo humano. Con ellos se permitió la identificación de innumerables patologías y patrones característicos de las mismas, siendo una de ellas, el realce en anillo en el Sistema Nervioso Central. Numerosas patologías presentan este patrón imagenológico: Glioblastoma multiforme, síndromes desmielinizantes, metástasis, abscesos cerebrales, toxoplasmosis cerebral, neurocisticercosis, linfomas, entre otros. El objetivo del presente artículo es brindar una revisión general de las patologías más frecuentes en los servicios de imagenología, permitiendo su correlación con las características clínicas y brindando una ayuda al clínico que para establecer un diagnóstico adecuado. Palabras clave: Neuroimagen; Diagnóstico Diferencial; Encefalopatías ABSTRACTComputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are medical diagnostic imaging techniques that provide excellent information from different infectious, traumatic or tumor processes anywhere in the body. It is identifying with them many diseases and characteristic patterns of them, one of them the ring enhancement in the central nervous system allowed. Many diseases have this imaging pattern: Glioblastoma multiforme, demyelinating syndromes, metastases, brain abscesses, cerebral toxoplasmosis, neurocysticercosis, lymphomas, and others. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the most common diseases in imaging services, allowing its correlation with clinical features and providing aid to the clinician to establish a proper diagnosis.

show abstract

Role of inflammation and apoptosis in multiple sclerosis: Comparative analysis between the periphery and the central nervous system

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

Synthesis and Functional Investigations of Computer Designed Novel Cladribine‐Like Compounds for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones cerebrales con realce en anillo en tomografía computarizada y resonancia magnética

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About