Role of inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers in Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia – A pilot study from a tertiary center in Northern India

Vishnu, Venugopalan Y; Modi, Manish; Garg, Vivek Kumar; Mohanty, Manju; Goyal, Manoj; Lal, Vivek; Mittal, Bhagwant Rai; Prabhakar, S.

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2017.04.015

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Six studies investigated difference in serum or plasma IL-6 levels between 289 subjects with VaD and 385 subjects affected by AD [ 20 , 21 , 27 – 30 ]. IL-6 levels were significantly higher in subjects with VaD compared to those with AD (SMD: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.62), with low heterogeneity ( I 2 = 41%, p = 0.13) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Vascular contribution to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a clinical label encompassing a wide range of cognitive disorders progressing from mild to major vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), which is also defined as vascular dementia (VaD). VaD diagnosis is mainly based on clinical and imaging findings. Earlier biomarkers are needed to identify subjects at risk to develop mild VCI and VaD. In the present meta-analysis, we comprehensively evaluated the role of inflammatory biomarkers in differential diagnosis between VaD and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and assessed their prognostic value on predicting VaD incidence. We collected literature until January 31, 2021, assessing three inflammatory markers [interleukin(IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] from blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Thirteen cross-sectional and seven prospective studies were included. Blood IL-6 levels were cross-sectionally significantly higher in people with VaD compared to AD patients (SMD: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.62) with low heterogeneity (I2: 41%, p = 0.13). Higher IL-6 levels were also associated to higher risk of incident VaD (relative risk: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.59, I2: 0%). IL-6 in CSF was significantly higher in people with VaD compared to healthy subjects (SMD: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.17 to 1.37, I2: 70%), and not compared to AD patients, but due to limited evidence and high inconsistency across studies, we could not draw definite conclusion. Higher blood IL-6 levels might represent a useful biomarker able to differentiate people with VaD from those with AD and might be correlated with higher risk of future VaD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Evidence suggests that vascular risk factors play important roles in the development of dementia, and plasma fibrinogen is associated with VaD. 16 AD is the most common form of dementia and there is no effective treatment for AD. In addition to pathologic characteristics, AD also has a vascular component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 A significant association between the level of Fg and VaD has been found. 16 Besides its prothrombotic effect, Fg seems to have other destructive roles in developing microvascular dysfunctions, including changes in vascular reactivity and permeability. Increased permeability of brain microvessels has a profound effect because it may lead to cerebrovascular remodeling and result in memory reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between fibrinogen level and its regulatory gene with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia

Sun

Liu

et al. 2020

J Int Med Res

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Objective: Several investigations have shown that the level of fibrinogen (Fg) is associated with the susceptibility to dementia and is usually affected by polymorphisms in its gene. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between Fg level and the fibrinogen b (FGB) À148C/T gene polymorphism in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: The study included 64 AD patients, 72 VaD patients, and 56 healthy controls (HC). Plasma Fg level was detected by turbidimetry. Among the participants, 64 AD patients, 52 VaD patients, and 56 HC underwent FGB À148C/T polymorphism analysis using restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR. Results: Plasma Fg was significantly higher in AD and VaD groups than in HC. The AD and VaD patients with FGB À148 TT genotype had significantly higher plasma Fg than those with CC or CT genotypes. The distribution of CC and CTþTT genotypes differed in the three groups, with the frequency of CTþTT genotypes being higher in AD patients than in the HC group. Conclusions: Plasma Fg level was significantly correlated with AD and VaD and related to the À148C/T polymorphism of FGB. The TTþCT genotypes and the distribution frequency of the T allele may be related to AD.

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“…AD patients were further categorized according to MMSE score into mild,[ 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 ] moderate,[ 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ] and severe (≤10). [ 21 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Plasma Amyloid Peptides Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 as Diagnostic Biomarker of Alzheimer's Disease, its Association with Different Grades of Clinical Severity and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Z score in the Indian Population

Medhi

Soni

Goyal

et al. 2021

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine

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Background: We estimated plasma amyloid-peptides levels (Aβ 1-42 and Aβ 1-40 ) as diagnostic biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and evaluated its association with clinical severity and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) Z score of the different brain regions in the Indian population. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted. Diagnostic and statistical manual-IV, Dubois, and NIA-AA criteria were used for the diagnosis of AD. The plasma Aβ 1-42 and Aβ 1-40 concentration and 18F-FDG PET Z score were estimated for different brain regions. Results: Forty-seven cognitive impairment patients (AD = 29, mild cognitive impairment = 18) and 33 age-matched controls were enrolled. Plasma Aβ 1-42 level was significantly higher in the AD group compared to controls ( P = 0.046) and a cut-off >5.7 ng/mL has a specificity of 96.9%, sensitivity of 27.6%, positive predictive value 88.9%, and negative predictive value 60.4% for differentiating AD patients from controls. Significant correlation was seen between Aβ 1-40 /Aβ 1-42 ratio and 18F-FDG PET Z score in the bilateral-parietal, temporal, frontal-association area, and posterior-cingulate areas. Conclusion: As a diagnostic biomarker of AD, plasma Aβ 1-42 level showed good specificity but low sensitivity in the Indian population.

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Role of inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers in Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia – A pilot study from a tertiary center in Northern India

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Relationship between fibrinogen level and its regulatory gene with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia

Evaluation of Plasma Amyloid Peptides Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 as Diagnostic Biomarker of Alzheimer's Disease, its Association with Different Grades of Clinical Severity and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Z score in the Indian Population

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