Role of interfacial interactions to control the extent of wrapping of polymer chains on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Parija, Suchitra; Bhattacharyya, Arup R.

doi:10.1039/c6ra06258j

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…It is reported earlier by us that Li‐AHA could “de‐agglomerate” efficiently MWCNTs via electrostatic charge repulsion between AHA ‐ and MWCNTs in deionized water. [ 18,20,45–47 ] Subsequently, on evaporation of deionized water, Li‐AHA physically encapsulated on smaller MWCNTs “agglomerate” and also on “individualized” MWCNT. The incorporation of increased concentration of Li‐AHA leads to a larger fraction of “individualized” MWCNTs and also open MWCNTs “agglomerate” structure of significantly smaller size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of carbon nanotube type and novel modification on dispersion, melt‐rheology and electrical conductivity of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites

et al. 2020

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Melt‐mixing was employed to prepare multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based polypropylene (PP) composites, wherein MWCNTs vary in “agglomerate” size and also in terms of “agglomerate” structure. Morphological analysis revealed MWCNTs‐D type exhibits bigger “agglomerate” size with compact “agglomerate” structure with respect to MWCNTs‐N type, that show smaller “agglomerate” size with porous “agglomerate” structure in the corresponding PP/MWCNTs composites. Melt‐rheological analysis showed a rheological percolation threshold of 2 to 3 wt% in PP/MWCNTs‐N composites, whereas PP/MWCNTs‐D composites exhibited a rheological percolation of 3 to 4 wt% of MWCNTs. AC electrical conductivity measurements exhibited an electrical percolation threshold of 0.5 to 1 wt% of MWCNTs‐N, whereas MWCNTs‐D type depicts an electrical percolation threshold of 2 to 3 wt% of MWCNTs in the respective composites. Further, an unique dispersant; Li salt of 6‐aminohexanoic acid (Li‐AHA) was utilized to “deagglomerate” MWCNTs. Moreover, PP‐g‐MA was also utilized in combination with Li‐AHA encapsulated MWCNTs in the corresponding composites. An extensive morphological, rheological, and electrical conductivity measurements suggested the influence of Li‐AHA encapsulated MWCNTs and PP‐g‐MA on the transformation of MWCNTs “agglomerate” into “individualized” and smaller MWCNTs “agglomerate” in PP/MWCNTs composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 5–10 ] Subsequently, CNTs based PP composites were developed and reported, wherein single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced during melt‐mixing. [ 11–22 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of carbon nanotube type and novel modification on dispersion, melt‐rheology and electrical conductivity of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites

et al. 2020

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“…That suggests that CS and TritonX‐100 procect the MWCNTs surface, avoid further damage of MWCNTs structure. It was also found that when CS or TrintonX‐100 adhered on the MWCNTs surface, the D and G characteristic peaks of pristine MWCNTs upshifted and broadened because of a strong π–π interaction between CS or TrintonX‐100 and the MWCNTs . An upshift of about 7 cm −1 was also observed in the 2D band (around 2720 cm −1 ) of CS/MWCNTs, indicating a strong interaction between the MWCNTs and chitosan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An upshift of about 7 cm −1 was also observed in the 2D band (around 2720 cm −1 ) of CS/MWCNTs, indicating a strong interaction between the MWCNTs and chitosan. It indicates that the existence of dispersants (CS or TrintonX‐100) may directly influence the vibrations of the carbon atoms in MWCNTs .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of noncovalent functionalized MWCNTs/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites

Nan

Liu

2016

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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To improve the dispersion of multi‐walled walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and investigate the effect of dispersant for MWCNTs functionalization on the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites, two different dispersants (Chitosan and TritonX‐100) with different dispersion capability and dielectric properties were used to noncovalently functionalize MWCNTs and prepare PVDF composites via solution blending. Fourier transform infrared, X‐Ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy indicated that TritonX‐100 and Chitosan were noncovalent functionalized successfully on the surface of MWCNTs. With the functionalization of Chitosan and TritonX‐100, the dispersion of MWCNTs changed in different extent, which was investigated by dynamic light scattering and confocal laser scan microscopy. The dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of PVDF composites were also improved. Meanwhile, it was also found that the dielectric properties of PVDF composites are closely related to the dielectric properties of dispersant. High dielectric constant of dispersant contributes to the grant dielectric constant of PVDF composites. The mechanical and thermal properties of MWCNTs/PVDF composites largely depend on the dispersion of MWCNTs in PVDF, interfacial interactions and the residual solvent. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…[ 15–17 ] In this connection, various efforts have been documented to enhance MWCNTs dispersion in PP matrix via the utilization of functionalized or non‐covalently modified MWCNTs along with PP‐g‐MA enhancing the interfacial interaction between PP and MWCNTs. [ 13,17,18 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes interaction with amorphous and semi‐crystalline domains of polypropylene in melt‐mixed composites: Influence of multiwall carbon nanotubes agglomerate and their modifications

et al. 2021

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Polypropylene (PP) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were prepared by melt‐mixing with two types of MWCNTs of varying agglomerate size. Agglomerate dominated dispersion was observed in the PP matrix, wherein N‐MWCNTs exhibit a finer dispersion as compared to D‐MWCNTs. Further, MWCNTs were encapsulated by Li‐salt of 6‐amino caproic acid in various proportions along with PP‐g‐maleic anhydride in order to achieve finer MWCNTs dispersion. Thermogravimetric analysis exhibited an increase in onset of degradation temperature and higher residual weight (%) at 500 °C of PP with increased MWCNTs concentration, which suggests the formation of a thicker “interphase.” Glass transition temperature of the PP phase was increased monotonically as a function of unmodified MWCNTs concentration, which suggests a strong interfacial interaction between PP and MWCNTs. An extensive analysis was carried out with modified MWCNTs based PP composites. Moreover, MWCNTs act as a strong hetero‐nucleating agent manifesting in smaller spherulite size of PP, wherein bulk crystallization temperature is increased to ~130 °C of the PP phase at 5 wt% MWCNTs content. The influence of unmodified and modified MWCNTs on the interaction between the PP chains and MWCNTs in the amorphous phase as well as in the crystalline domains are analyzed in PP/MWCNTs composites.

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Role of interfacial interactions to control the extent of wrapping of polymer chains on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract: Transmission electron microscopic image of separated MWCNTs (N51L15G5) showing the wrapped polymer chains on the MWCNTs surface, which corresponds to the α-phase of the PP.

Cited by 11 publications

References 72 publications

Influence of carbon nanotube type and novel modification on dispersion, melt‐rheology and electrical conductivity of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites

Influence of carbon nanotube type and novel modification on dispersion, melt‐rheology and electrical conductivity of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites

Investigation of the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of noncovalent functionalized MWCNTs/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites

Carbon nanotubes interaction with amorphous and semi‐crystalline domains of polypropylene in melt‐mixed composites: Influence of multiwall carbon nanotubes agglomerate and their modifications

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