Role of Interleukin‐2 in the Age‐Related Impairment of Immune Function

Thoman, Marilyn L.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb04191.x

Cited by 22 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It is widely reported that age affects gut microbiota composition ( 104 ), which is related to brain innate immunity ( 106 ), nervous system ( 107 ) and metabolic diseases ( 108 ). In the present study, in the period before the physical distancing, strength was negatively associated with Bacteroidetes abundance and positively associated with Firmicutes; also, Bacteroidetes abundance was positively correlated with TNF-α/IL-10 and F/B ratio with IL-5, corroborating that the increase in Bacteroidetes ( 102 , 109 ) is associated with frailty and inflamed status of older adults ( 53 ). On the other hand, some negative correlations were observed, such as F/B ratio with klotho, Firmicutes with TSLP and TNF-α/IL-10, suggesting an association between higher F/B ratio, contributing to longevity and inflammation control in participants of the present study, since TSLP inhibits the Th1 and Th17 differentiation in the gut ( 110 , 111 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Effects of physical distancing by COVID-19 pandemic on diet quality, neurological and immunological markers, and fecal microbiota of Brazilian older women

et al. 2022

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Physical distancing was used to prevent transmission of COVID-19, however there are concerns that this may promote harmful impacts on health, such as reduced levels of physical practice and changes in food intake and gut microbiota composition. This study evaluated the impacts of 6 months physical distancing on Brazilian older women upon body mass index (BMI), strength, physical activity level (IPAQ), eating habits, neurological markers (brain-derived neurotrophic factor-BDNF and cortisol), cytokines (IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α), aging-associated markers (vascular endothelial growth factor-VEGF, insulin-like growth factor-IGF-1, klotho and thymic stromal lymphopoietin-TSLP), besides specific groups of fecal microbiota. Fifteen women, over 60 years old, residents of São Paulo state (Brazil), were evaluated in March and in September 2020. The older adult women, with a mean age 66 ± 6.2 years presented significantly increased BMI and high effect size for non-protective foods consumption, reduced light physical activity and strength 6 months following the physical distancing. Furthermore, the serum concentration of IFN-γ, IGF-1, and IFN-γ/IL-5 were significantly higher, while lower concentration of IL-2 and IL-5 were observed 6 months after the physical distancing. Significant increase was noted only to Blautia spp. abundance after 6 months of physical distancing. Several correlations were observed at both before and after physical distancing, however, interestingly, many of them were lost or inverted 6 months following, while new ones emerged. Taken together, these results showed that lifestyle changes and stress conditions addressed by physical distancing from the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the health of older women included in the present study. Therefore, future follow-up studies are essential to propose interventions in order to restore the health conditions observed before the pandemic period, and thus to maintain the quality of life of older adults in different socioeconomic contexts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…IL-2 is an essential cytokine to maintain Treg cells controlling immune responses and to stimulate T cells promoting immune responses ( 52 ). Decreased concentrations of IL-2 in older adults have been associated with immunosenescence ( 51 , 52 ) and seemed to promote Th17 differentiation in aged mice ( 53 ). Kleiner at al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%