Role of Lactoferrin in Neonates and Infants: An Update

Manzoni, Paolo; Dall’Agnola, A; Tomé, Daniel; Kaufman, David; Tavella, Elena; Pieretto, Marta; Messina, Alessandro; Luca, Danièle De; Bellaïche, M.; Mosca, Alexis; Piloquet, Hugues; Simeoni, Umberto; Picaud, Jean-Charles; Vecchio, Antonio Del

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1639359

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It seems that in neonatal piglets fed almost an exclusive milk diet (mean daily intake of solid feed by piglets during two first weeks after birth is only slightly above 3 g [17]) and in infants with exclusive breast feeding, this complex molecular machinery described above is not mandatory for iron absorption. Lactoferrin, a major iron-binding glycoprotein abundantly present in milk, retaining bound iron down to a pH of ~3.5 [48], was postulated to be involved in intestinal iron absorption in suckling newborn animals and breast-fed infants. The identification of a specific receptor for lactoferrin (LfR) in the duodenum of newborn infants [49] and suckling piglets [50] is evidence that the Lf-LfR pathway is involved in iron absorption during early life.…”

Section: Iron Deficiency Anemia (Ida) In Suckling Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Supplementation in Suckling Piglets: An Ostensibly Easy Therapy of Neonatal Iron Deficiency Anemia

et al. 2018

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In pigs, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent deficiency disorder during the early postnatal period, frequently developing into a serious illness. On the other hand, in humans, only low-birth-weight infants, including premature infants, are especially susceptible to developing IDA. In both human and pig neonates, the initial cause of IDA is low birth iron stores. In piglets this shortage of stored iron results mainly from genetic selection over the past few decades for large litter sizes and high birth weights. As a consequence, pregnant sows cannot provide a sufficient amount of iron to the increasing number of developing fetuses. Supplementation with iron is a common practice for the treatment of IDA in piglets. For decades, the preferred procedure for delivering iron supplements during early life stages has been through the intramuscular injection of a large amount of iron dextran. However, this relatively simple therapy, which in general, efficiently corrects IDA, may generate toxic effects, and by inducing hepcidin expression, may decrease bioavailability of supplemental iron. New iron supplements are considered herein with the aim to combine the improvement of hematological status, blunting of hepcidin expression, and minimizing the toxicity of the administered iron. We propose that iron-deficient piglets constitute a convenient animal model for performing pre-clinical studies with iron supplements.

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Section: Iron Deficiency Anemia (Ida) In Suckling Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Supplementation in Suckling Piglets: An Ostensibly Easy Therapy of Neonatal Iron Deficiency Anemia

et al. 2018

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“…Particularly, oral supplementation with lactoferrin was proved to reduce NEC occurrence in a meta-analysis [ 89 , 90 ], although this evidence had low-to-moderate quality [ 91 ] and human recombinant lactoferrin was administered only in one study, while bovine lactoferrin was used in all the others [ 91 ]. The beneficial effect of lactoferrin in preserving the gut mucosa integrity is likely related to the position of lactoferrin itself on the mucosal surface, where it contrasts microbial invasion and translocation across the intestinal wall [ 91 ]. On the other hand, pentoxifylline administration showed mixed result, and in meta-analysis, did not affect NEC occurrence [ 92 ].…”

Section: Redox Status In Neonatal Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sepsis and Oxidative Stress in the Newborn: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Targets

Poggi

Dani

2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Sepsis is at present one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population. Together with inflammation, oxidative stress is involved in detrimental pathways activated during neonatal sepsis, eventually leading to organ dysfunction and death. The redox cascade during sepsis is mainly initiated by IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation in newborns and includes multiple noxious processes, as direct cell damage induced by reactive oxygen species, activation of gene expression leading to amplification of inflammation and oxidative stress, and impairment of mitochondrial function. Once proinflammatory and prooxidant pathways are established as stimulated by causing pathogens, self-maintaining unfavorable redox cycles ensue, leading to oxidative stress-related cellular damage, independently from the activating pathogens themselves. Despite antioxidant systems are induced during neonatal sepsis, as an adaptive response to an increased oxidative burden, a condition of redox imbalance favoring oxidative pathways occurs, resulting in increased markers of oxidative stress damage. Therefore, antioxidant treatment would exert beneficial effects during neonatal sepsis, potentially interrupting prooxidant pathways and preventing the maintenance of detrimental redox cycles that cannot be directly affected by antibiotic treatment. Among others, antioxidant agents investigated in clinical settings as adjunct treatment for neonatal sepsis include melatonin and pentoxifylline, both showing promising results, while novel antioxidant molecules, as edaravone and endothelin receptor antagonists, are at present under investigation in animal models. Finally, mitochondria-targeted antioxidant treatments could represent an interesting line of research in the treatment of neonatal sepsis.

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“…The concentration in tears is 2 mg/ml, whereas that in blood is normally only 1 mg/ml, although it can rise to 200 mg/ml in an inflammatory situation (Masson and Heremans, 1971). It is reported that lactoferrin is responsible for several anti-infective, immunological, and gastrointestinal actions in neonates, infants, and young children (Manzoni et al, 2018). Lactoferrin is also known to have several biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer effects (Kanwar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactoferrin Has a Therapeutic Effect via HIF Inhibition in a Murine Model of Choroidal Neovascularization

et al. 2020

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Background: Lactoferrin, a type of glycoprotein, is contained in exocrine fluids such as tears, breast milk, sweat, and saliva, and is known to have anti-microbial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects. In the ophthalmological field, topical administration of lactoferrin has been reported to have a therapeutic effect in a murine dry eye model. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) regulates various gene expressions under hypoxia, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and is considered as an alternative target for neovascular ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We previously screened natural products and identified lactoferrin as a novel HIF inhibitor. In this study, we confirmed that lactoferrin has an HIF inhibitory effect and a therapeutic effect in a murine model of neovascular AMD.Methods: HIF inhibitory effects of lactoferrin were evaluated using a luciferase assay and western blotting in vitro. The quantified volume of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) induced by laser irradiation was compared with oral lactoferrin administration or conditional tissue specific Hif1a knockout mice.Results: Lactoferrin administration showed a significant HIF inhibitory effect in the retinal neuronal cells. Oral administration of lactoferrin or conditional Hif1a gene deletion significantly reduced CNV volume compared to controls.Conclusions: Lactoferrin has a therapeutic effect in a laser CNV model by suppressing the retinal HIF activity.

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Role of Lactoferrin in Neonates and Infants: An Update

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Iron Supplementation in Suckling Piglets: An Ostensibly Easy Therapy of Neonatal Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron Supplementation in Suckling Piglets: An Ostensibly Easy Therapy of Neonatal Iron Deficiency Anemia

Sepsis and Oxidative Stress in the Newborn: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Targets

Lactoferrin Has a Therapeutic Effect via HIF Inhibition in a Murine Model of Choroidal Neovascularization

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