Role of latent tuberculosis infection on elevated risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study of immigrants in British Columbia, Canada, 1985–2019

Hossain, Mohammed Anwar; Johnston, James C.; Cook, Victoria; Sadatsafavi, Mohsen; Wong, Hubert; Romanowski, Kamila; Karim, Mohammad Ehsanul

doi:10.1017/s0950268823000559

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous studies have consistently shown a high risk of CVD development in TB survivors [4,9,19,20]. As an example, a meta-analysis conducted in Taiwan showed that patients with TB had a 1.76-fold increased risk of developing coronary heart disease compared to controls [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tuberculosis survivors and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Analysis using a nationwide survey in Korea

Yang,

Kim,

Sim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Although the association between tuberculosis (TB) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in several studies and is explained by mechanisms related to chronic inflammation, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the association between TB and CVD in Korea. Methods Using a population-based nationwide survey, we categorized participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of prior TB infection. We evaluated the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disorder (ASCVD) risk in both groups and analyzed the 10-year ASCVD risk according to epidemiological characteristics. Results Compared with the control group, the post-TB survivor group had a higher mean age (53.73 vs. 45.35 years), a higher proportion of male sex (60.20% vs. 49.53%), and a lower proportion of unmarried individuals (10.01% vs. 23.01%). Comparing the 10-year ASCVD risk between the post-TB survivor and control groups, the post-TB survivor group had an increased 10-year ASCVD risk in the high-risk group (40.46% vs. 24.00%, P < 0.001). Compared to the control group, the intermediate and high-risk groups had also significantly increased 10-year ASCVD risks (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.23 and OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.59–1.78, respectively) in the post-TB survivor group. In the association of CVD among post-TB survivors according to epidemiologic characteristics, age (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.10, 95% CI 1.07–1.12), a current smoker (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.32–5.17), a high family income (aOR 2.47, 95% CI 1.32–4.62), Diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.20–3.07), and depression (aOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.10–4.19) were associated with CVD in the post-TB survivor group. Conclusions Our study findings suggest a higher 10-year ASCVD risk among TB survivors than among control participants. This warrants long-term cardiovascular monitoring and management of the post-TB population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tuberculosis survivors and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Analysis using a nationwide survey in Korea

Yang,

Kim,

Sim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The Complex Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Cardiovascular Disease and Their Interactions With COVID‐19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Study

Hassan,

Sikandar,

Jamal

et al. 2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundPreviously, most researchers explored the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates the distinct influence of COVID‐19 vaccination status on patients with both conditions.ObjectiveWe investigate the relationship between COPD and CVD in a cohort of 838 individuals who presented with both conditions. Our aim is to understand how these conditions interact and how COVID‐19 vaccination status affects patient outcomes.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 838 patients with COPD and CVD treated at DHQ Hospital in Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan, from November 2022 to April 2023. We employed multiple logistic regression and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test to assess the odds ratio and relative risk of COPD in patients with‐CVD under various conditions. Additionally, we analyzed time‐to‐death and survival using Kaplan–Meier methods.ResultsFindings reveal a 7.95 times higher risk of death in patients without COVID‐19 vaccination compared with those who were vaccinated (95% CI, 6.12–10.33). Conversely, COVID‐19‐vaccinated patients exhibited a 0.221 times lower risk of recovery than their nonvaccinated counterparts (95% CI, 0.08–0.60). We also observed significant differences in time‐to‐death and recovery based on the presence of COPD and CVD, with vaccinated patients generally experiencing milder disease.ConclusionOur study assessed the impact of COVID‐19 vaccination status on patient outcomes in patients with overlapping COPD and CVD. Individuals diagnosed with COPD and CVD display significant differences in terms of their probability of survival, with those who have received vaccinations.

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Tuberculosis and Increased Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: Cohort Study Using United States and United Kingdom Health Records

Critchley,

Limb,

Khakharia

et al. 2024

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Background Limited evidence suggests elevated risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) disease, though studies have not adjusted for pre-existing CVD risk. We carried out a cohort study using two separate datasets, estimating CVD incidence in people with TB versus those without. Methods Using data from the United States (Veterans Health Administration) and the United Kingdom (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) for 2000-2020 we matched adults with incident TB disease and no CVD history 2-years before TB diagnosis (US n=2,121; UK n=15,820) with up to 10 people without TB on the basis of age, sex, race/ethnicity and healthcare practice. Participants were followed beginning 2-years before TB diagnosis and for 2-years subsequently. The acute period was defined as 3-months before/after TB diagnosis. TB, CVD and covariates were identified from electronic routinely collected data (primary and secondary care; mortality). Poisson models estimated incident rate ratios (IRR) for CVD events in people with TB compared to those without. Results CVD incidence was consistently higher in people with TB, including during the baseline period (pre-TB) and particularly in the acute period: IRRs were US 3.5 (95% Confidence Interval 2.7-4.4), UK 2.7 (2.2-3.3). Rate Ratios remained high after adjusting for differences in pre-existing CVD risk: US 3.2 (2.2-4.4), UK 1.6 (1.2-2.1). Conclusion Increased CVD incidence was observed in people with TB versus those without, especially within months of TB diagnosis, persistent after adjustment for differences in pre-existing risk. Enhancing CVD screening and risk management may improve long-term outcomes in people with TB.

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Role of latent tuberculosis infection on elevated risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study of immigrants in British Columbia, Canada, 1985–2019

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Tuberculosis survivors and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Analysis using a nationwide survey in Korea

Tuberculosis survivors and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Analysis using a nationwide survey in Korea

The Complex Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Cardiovascular Disease and Their Interactions With COVID‐19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Study

Tuberculosis and Increased Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: Cohort Study Using United States and United Kingdom Health Records

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