Role of long noncoding RNAs in angiogenesis-related cerebrovascular disorders and regenerative medicine: a narrative review

Abstract

In cerebrovascular illness, tissue hypoxia and nutrient deficiency or blood vessel obstruction cause angiogenesis. The brain forms new blood vessels to safeguard the organism during stress. However, it is impossible to ignore the possibility of ischemia‒reperfusion damage due to excessive angiogenesis. Therefore, how to better cope with stress in patients with cerebrovascular disorders by regulating angiogenesis is a challenge that we face and continue to focus on. Studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs can regulate angiogenesis in various cell types through different molecular mechanisms. After stroke, astrocytes secrete extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, to indirectly modulate brain angiogenesis, which involves long non-coding RNAs. These clinical studies on long non-coding RNAs provide new perspectives for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. As potential biomarkers, long non-coding RNAs contribute to the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. In terms of regenerative medicine and regenerative therapies, research on long non-coding RNAs also opens new avenues. Understanding long non-coding RNA processes in angiogenesis will help create therapeutics that target specific long non-coding RNAs to promote neovascularization and brain tissue healing. This may include the use of long non-coding RNAs as drug carriers or the development of small-molecule drugs that target long non-coding RNAs to promote angiogenesis and neuroprotection. In conclusion, the application of long non-coding RNAs is promising in cerebrovascular disorders, especially in the fields of angiogenesis and regenerative medicine. Advanced technology and research are projected to make long non-coding RNAs key targets for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders.