Role of MALAT1 in gynecological cancers: Pathologic and therapeutic aspects (Review)

Abstract

Gynecological cancers, including breast, ovarian, uterine, vaginal, cervical and vulvar cancers are among the major threats to modern life, particularly to female health. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in normal development of organisms, as well as the tumorigenesis process, and metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a large infrequently spliced lncRNA, which have been implicated in different gynecological cancers. MALAT1 is overexpressed in breast, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers, which initiates cancer progression by inducing changes in the expression of several anti-apoptotic and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related genes. Targeting MALAT1 is an important strategy to combat gynecological cancers, and application of RNA-interference technology and chemotherapeutic process are crucial to target and minimize MALAT1 activity. The present review discusses the role of MALAT1 in gynecological cancers, and potential strategies to target this lncRNA to develop cancer therapeutics. However, further clinical studies are required to determine the prognostic potential of MALAT1 in gynecological cancers. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Long non-coding RNA and cancer 3. MALAT1: Structure and function 4. Pathogenic role of MALAT1 in gynecological cancers 5. Targeting MALAT1 in gynecological cancer therapeutics 6. Future research 7. Conclusions

Potential roles of lncRNA MALAT1-miRNA interactions in ocular diseases

“…Following its initial identification in a screen for transcripts associated with the metastasis and survival of non-small cell lung cancer, subsequent investigations have demonstrated that the primary gene sequence of MALAT1 spans over 8 Kb and exhibits a high degree of conservation across 33 different mammalian species (Zhang et al 2017). The transcript length of this gene is estimated to be around 7000 base pairs in humans and approximately 6700 base pairs in mice (Qiao et al 2021). The transcription of MALAT1 is mediated by RNA polymerase II, and the promoter region of this gene is characterized by an open chromatin architecture, which has been demonstrated in various high-throughput studies and DNAase sensitivity assays (Arratia et al 2023).…”

Three-Dimensional Genome Organization in Breast and Gynecological Cancers: How Chromatin Folding Influences Tumorigenic Transcriptional Programs

“…MALAT-1 is another lncRNA which has been shown to be overexpressed in breast and gynecological cancers [ 124 , 125 ]. Specifically, in the cervical cancer cell line CaSki, siRNA-mediated down-regulation reduces proliferation and migration [ 126 ].…”

Functions and mechanisms of lncRNA MALAT1 in cancer chemotherapy resistance

“…For example, a recent study revealed that targeting the MALAT1/PARP1 (poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1) / LIG3 (DNA Ligase 3) complex resulted in DNA damage and apoptosis in multiple myeloma [ 25 ]. In addition, it has been proved that targeting MALAT1 also played a significant role in the treatment of gynecological cancer [ 26 ]. Previous studies have shown that MALAT1 affected cancer through multiple mechanisms.…”