Role of Matricaria recutita L. and Asparagus officinalis L. against the neurotoxicity of diazinon in rats

Abstract

Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphorus insecticide widely used in agriculture. It has a variety of harmful effects on humans. Asparagus and chamomile have antioxidant properties and are used as antidotes of DZN in this study. Thirty-five adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into: control group; DZN group: subdivided into two subgroups which received 1 = 4 LD 50 and ½ LD 50 dose of DZN for 30 days; DZN and asparagus extract group: subdivided into two subgroups which received 1 = 4 LD 50 and ½ LD 50 dose of DZN respectively and treated with asparagus extract (300 mg/kg b. wt.) after 15 min of DZN administration; DZN and chamomile extract group: subdivided into two subgroups receiving DZN respectively and treated with chamomile extract (300 mg/kg b. wt.). The results herein showed that the antioxidant enzyme changes associated with the exposure to DZN are dose dependant in cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord tissues. The tumorigenicity of DZN was represented by the significant increase of arginase and the alpha-L-fucosidase in sera of all DZN groups. In addition, the molecular changes were investigated by the changes in Cu/Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes that were altered after administration of DZN to rats. Present findings suggest that oral administration of aqueous extracts of asparagus or chamomile is able to restore the total antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by the increase of superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione content and their relative enzymes in the investigated tissues. Due to their antioxidant activities, asparagus and chamomile are potential candidates as anti-neurotoxic agents. ª 2015 The Egyptian German Society for Zoology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Antiparkinsonian and Antioxidant Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Camellia sinensis, Asparagus racemosus, Mucuna pruriens and their Combination

“…Nabavi et al (2017) proved that catechins present in Camelia sinensis reduces depression by means of inhibiting monoamine oxidase (MAO). 22 Elsaid et al (2015) stated that accumulation of reactive oxygen species produces oxidative stress in brain causes neurotoxicity and antioxidant property of Aspargus officinalis have potentials to protect neuronal damage caused by reactive oxygen species. 23 As per the study of Periera et al (2020) reduction in straiatal dopamine levels and short-term memory impairments are seen after Reserpine administration in rats which mimics the pre-motor phase of Parkinson's disease.…”

“…22 Elsaid et al (2015) stated that accumulation of reactive oxygen species produces oxidative stress in brain causes neurotoxicity and antioxidant property of Aspargus officinalis have potentials to protect neuronal damage caused by reactive oxygen species. 23 As per the study of Periera et al (2020) reduction in straiatal dopamine levels and short-term memory impairments are seen after Reserpine administration in rats which mimics the pre-motor phase of Parkinson's disease. 24 Dopamine depletion causes hypersensitivity of D2 receptors in corticostriatal terminals hence dopamine metabolism results in reduced dopamine release in synaptic cleft shows early and late impairment in behavior and social recognition tasks (Periera et al 2020).…”

Evaluation of the Postnatal Effects Induced by Diazinon on the Growth of the Mice Offspring and the Development of Their Cerebellar Cortex

“…It caused a permanent inhibition of the AChE through oxidative desulfuration [Hassani et al, 2018;Nili-Ahmadabadi et al, 2018], which was accompanied by the accumulation of the endogenous acetylcholine that disturbs the balance between neurotransmitters and causes initiation of the process of acute intoxication [Al-Attar, 2015;Nurulain and Shafiullah, 2012;Sargazi et al, 2019]. Elsaid et al [2015] suggest that DZN induced apoptotic neuronal death. DZN Altered the Development of the EGL In the EGL, a significant decrease in layer thickness was detected in the cerebellar sections at birth and at PD7.…”

Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Asparagus officinalis L. and Analysis of Its Phytochemical Content by LC/MS/MS

“…[6] Asparagus water extract exhibited neuroprotective and antitumor properties in the diazinon-induced toxicity model. [7] Asparagus has been reported to have a hypolipidemic effect due to its ability to bind bile acids. [8] It contains acidic polysaccharides that have anti-inflammatory properties, [9] and flavonoids can be used as antifungals.…”

“…Traditionally, it has been used to treat cough, bladder and kidney stone formation, bronchial asthma, digestive disorders, gout, cardiovascular and liver diseases, diabetes, and urinary tract infections [6] . Asparagus water extract exhibited neuroprotective and antitumor properties in the diazinon‐induced toxicity model [7] . Asparagus has been reported to have a hypolipidemic effect due to its ability to bind bile acids [8] .…”