Role of Melatonin in Bovine Reproductive Biotechnology

Reproduction is a highly demanding biological process that occurs at the optimal time of the year and day to ensure the success of spawn and offspring. Melatonin is a hormone that, secreted mainly by the pineal gland, plays a critical role in the integration of the photoneuroendocrine information from environment (annual and daily variations) to modulate reproductive activity and gonadal development in fish. In this study we assessed the effect of exogenous melatonin on the circadian levels of sex steroids and gonadotropins in pubertal 2 yr-old male sea bass during their reproductive cycle including, pre-spermatogenesis (Pspg), spermiation (Spm) and post-spermiation (PSpm) stages. Our results demonstrated that all reproductive hormones displayed circadian variations along the entire reproductive cycle in pubertal fish. Circulating levels of the luteinizing hormone (Lh) were affected by both melatonin injection and the daily timing of administration during the Spm and PSpm stages, thus evoking variations of Lh levels at night. Melatonin also significantly affected circadian rhythms of Fsh during the Spm stage. Overall, both 11-Kt and T plasma levels displayed circadian variations during the reproductive cycle in the sea bass which were not prevented by melatonin. However, melatonin showed a significant decrease of plasma levels of 11-Kt 1h after dusk during the Pspg stage, while it increased those levels of T 5 h after dusk during the PSpm stage. These findings provide new insights into the role of melatonin in fish reproduction as a key factor in regulation of daily variation of key hormones involved in gonadal development. This circumstance may have implications in the control of gametogenesis and management of fish in aquaculture.HighlightsPlasma levels of Fsh, Lh, T and 11-Kt show daily rhythms in pubertal male sea bass.Melatonin evokes changes in daily rhythms of Lh during the reproductive cycle.Melatonin yields Fsh plasma level differences during spermiation stage.Melatonin elicits T and 11-Kt plasma level differences depending on reproductive stage and time.

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Effect of Light on Dairy Cattle in Farm Conditions – A Review

Adamczyk,

Herbut,

Godyń

et al. 2024

Annals of Animal Science

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Cattle are among the animals with diurnal activity, which is due to the specific animal– environment relationship and the natural role wild cattle play in the ecosystem. As humans began domesticating, breeding these animals, they became an integral part of this relationship. This review article addresses the most important current issues: 1) a characterisation of contemporary knowledge on the biological determinants of the vision abilities of dairy cattle, 2) a discussion of the relationship between these abilities and animal health and performance, and 3) a characterisation of the light–animal relationship under husbandry conditions. The intricate link between the anatomical and physiological aspects of visual function in cattle and their circadian rhythms was emphasised. This connection directly influences cattle growth and development, as well as the health and performance of dairy cows during the long/short day photoperiods. The article also considers the possibility of managing dairy cows’ photoperiod and light quality to enhance their performance and overall well-being.

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Role of Melatonin in Bovine Reproductive Biotechnology

Cited by 4 publications

References 140 publications

Evaluation of salivary melatonin and MMP-9 levels in periodontal diseases

Evaluation of salivary melatonin and MMP-9 levels in periodontal diseases

MELATONIN INDUCES CHANGES ON THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES DURING SPERMATOGENESIS IN PUBERTAL MALE SEA BASS,Dicentrarchus labrax

Effect of Light on Dairy Cattle in Farm Conditions – A Review

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