Role of metabolites derived from gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Over the past two decades, it is improved gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease pathogenesis. Metabolites, small molecules produced as intermediate or end products of microbial metabolism, is considered as one of the major interaction way for gut microbiota with the host. Bacterial metabolisms of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules or bacteria are the major source of metabolites. Signals from microbial metabolites affect immune maturation and homeostasis, host energy metabolism as well as mucosal integrity maintenance. Based on many researches, the composition and function of the microbiota can be changed, which is also seen in the metabolite profiles of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Additionally, some specific classes of metabolites also can trigger IBD. In this paper, definition of the key classes of microbial-derived metabolites which are changed in IBD, description of the pathophysiological basis of association and identification of the precision therapeutic modulation in the future are the major contents.

An Optimised Monophasic Faecal Extraction Method for LC-MS Analysis and its Application in Gastrointestinal Disease

“…50 mg samples showed a significantly higher mean number of m/z features and mean number of identified metabolites in comparison to 20 mg samples. Furthermore, the mean signal intensity given by 50 mg samples (2.5x10 7 ) was significantly increased compared to 20 mg samples (1.1x10 7 ). Levels of altered metabolites were calculated from the differential analysis of sample weight and expressed as the percentage of significantly increased metabolites between groups.…”

“…The accurate quantification of metabolites in faecal samples therefore holds value in a wide range of research areas. A clear role of faecal metabolomics has been demonstrated in the field of gastrointestinal disease, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [7] and coeliac disease (CoD) [8]. Although the aetiology of such diseases remains elusive, shifts in metabolic profile are associated with disease activity and may represent central components of pathogenesis [9][10][11][12].…”

Protective effect of Schistosoma japonicum eggs on TNBS-induced colitis is associated with regulating Treg/Th17 balance and reprogramming glycolipid metabolism in mice

“…It has become increasingly clear that T cell activation, differentiation, and effector functions are closely associated with cellular metabolic programs, including glycolysis, FA synthesis, and mitochondrial metabolism ( Bantug et al., 2018 ). There is compelling evidence that the etiology of IBDs may be associated with various metabolic dysregulations ( Alexander et al., 2022 ; Zheng et al., 2022 ). It has been demonstrated that parasite-derived products have a strong ability to regulate metabolism in the host body ( Zhu et al., 2014 ; Cai et al., 2021 ; Fisher et al., 2021 ).…”

Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal zedoary turmeric-trisomes in Inflammatory bowel disease with intestinal fibrosis

“…In this study, through the construction of the “drug - component - target - disease” network, the 8 active ingredients with higher degree values were analyzed to provide a reference for identifying the compatibility relationship between zedoary turmeric and trisomes and were found to jointly participate in the regulation of IBD intestinal fibrosis[ 18 ]. Studies have proven that ivy saponin has anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antidepression, antitumor, antibacterial and other effects[ 19 ]. β-Sitosterol exerts antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumor effects and can also enhance the secretion of IL-2 and interferon-γ, inhibit the secretion of IL-4, and exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor[ 20 ].…”