Role of metal species in flocculation rate during estuarine mixing

Biati, Aida; Karbassi, Abdolreza; Hassani, Ali; Monavari, Seyed Masoud; Moattar, Faramarz

doi:10.1007/bf03326142

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The accumulation of organic substances can both affect the quality of reservoir water and change the oxidation state into anoxic condition. Reduction condition together with low pH will cause mobilization of metals to upper water levels (Biati et al, 2010). This may lead to serious changes in the water quality of the reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of trace metals with various sedimentary phases in dam reservoirs

Karbassi

Torabi

Ghazban

et al. 2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ABSTRACT:In the present study sediment and water samples collected from Kowsar Dam reservoir in Kohkiluye and Boyerahmad Province, southwest of Iran, are subjected to bulk digestion and chemical partitioning. The concentrations of nickel, lead, zinc, copper, cobalt, cadmium, manganese and iron in water and bed sediment were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentrations of metals bounded to five sedimentary phases were estimated. On this basis, the proportions of natural and anthropogenic elements were calculated.The anthropogenic portion of elements are as follows: zinc (96 %)> cobalt (88 %)> iron (78 %)> magnesium (78 %)> nickel (78 %)> copper (66 %)> lead (63 %)> cadmium (59 %). The results show sediment contamination by nickel, cadmium and lead, according to the world aquatic sediments and mean earth crust values. Manganese and copper have strong association with organic matter and are of high portion of sulfide bounded ions. Finally, The degree of sediment contamination was evaluated using enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and pollution index (IPoll). The sediments were identified to be of high cadmium and lead pollution index. The pattern of pollution intensity according to enrichment factor is as follows; manganese (1.25) < copper (1.63) < zinc (1.93) < cobalt (2.35) < nickel (3.83) < lead (12.63) < cadmium (78.32). Cluster analysis was performed in order to assess heavy metal interactions between water and sediment. Accordingly, nickel, cadmium and copper are earth originated. Zinc, copper and manganese are dominated by pH. All the elemental concentrations in water and sediment are correlated except for sedimental copper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of trace metals with various sedimentary phases in dam reservoirs

Karbassi

Torabi

Ghazban

et al. 2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Redox potential is of major concern for mobilization of trace metals in estuaries where an oxygen gradient exists in addition to the salinity gradient (Gerringa et al, 2001). Besides, this studies showed that similar to the findings of Biati et al (2010b) mechanisms for flocculation of Pb is still unknown and further investigations is needed to find out governing factors in the flocculation of Pb. Moreover, Karbassi et al (2008b) stated that pH and PO 4 control flocculation of Cu in Babolrud estuarine process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…This is in accordance with the findings of other researchers (Duinker and Nolting, 1978 Biati et al (2010a). Biati et al (2010b) showed that pH, temperature, DO, alkalinity, HCO 3 , CO 3 , EC, salinity, Na, Cl, Mg, SO 4 and Ca do not have any role on the flocculation process during mixing of the Minab River water with the Persian Gulf waters. Redox potential might have reverse effect in flocculation process in Minab estuary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…16 Km upstream) in a 25 L clean polyethylene bucket from the surface. On the same day, it was filtered through 0.45 µm Millipore AP and HA filters (Biati et al, 2010b). About one liter of filtered water was acidified with concentrated HNO 3 to a pH of approximately 1.8 and stored in polyethylene bottles in a refrigerator prior to the analysis of dissolved metals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of controlling mechanisms of flocculation processes in estuaries

Biati

Karbassi

2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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During estuarine mixing, dissolved metals come into the particulate phase due to the flocculation processes. Such processes are biologically vital. In the present study, controlling mechanisms of elemental flocculation during estuarine mixing in northern and southern estuaries of Iran in relation to the various physical and chemical parameters of waters have been compared. Except for zinc and lead, for other studied elements in Minab River, water flocculate at higher rates in comparison with the rivers flowing into the Caspian Sea. Redox potential might have negative effect on flocculation process in Minab Estuary. Contrary to rivers flowing into the Caspian Sea, in Minab River elemental flocculation is governed by dissolved organic carbon and it shows a non-liner and conservative behavior during estuarine mixing which implies that dissolved organic carbon originates from terrigenous source. The results also shows that maximum removal of elements occurs in lower salinities (1.5 to 5.8 ‰) for the rivers in North of Iran and 3.3 to 11.4 ‰ for Minab River in South of Iran. Flocculation of studied metal in different rivers results in reduction of overall metal pollution load by various percentages. The initial metal contents on river water and mean discharge of river might lead to higher flocculation rates.

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“…Karbassi et al (2010) showed that flocculation rate in the strait of Hormouz (connection between The Persian Gulf and Sea of Oman) is in the order of Cu(83.3%)> Ni(82.9%)> Zn(75.5%)> Mn(69.4%)> Pb(38%) [24]. Figure 2 shows the results of cluster analysis of the data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals removal during estuarine mixing of Arvand River water with the Persian Gulf water

et al. 2010

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Abstract:In the present study, the removal of dissolved and colloidal Cd, Co, Cu, Ni and Zn in Arvand River water during estuarine mixing with the Persian Gulf water is investigated. The flocculation process was investigated for a series of mixtures with salinities ranging from 0.48 to 30.3‰. The flocculation rates were indicative of the non-conservative behavior of studied metals during estuarine mixing. Rapid flocculation in the low salinity regimes was observed. The order of the final flocculation rate of metals in the river water was as follows: Co (91.2%)> Cd (86.9%)> Zn (83%)> Cu (75.2%)> Ni (74.3%). Salinity, pH, EC and dissolved oxygen do not govern the flocculation of metals during estuarine mixing. The results of the present investigation show that estuarine processes can be considered as an effective mechanism in self purification of colloidal metals that are anthropogenically introduced into the fresh water ecosystem.

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Role of metal species in flocculation rate during estuarine mixing

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Association of trace metals with various sedimentary phases in dam reservoirs

Association of trace metals with various sedimentary phases in dam reservoirs

Comparison of controlling mechanisms of flocculation processes in estuaries

Metals removal during estuarine mixing of Arvand River water with the Persian Gulf water

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