Role of Modern Localised Electrochemical Techniques to Evaluate the Corrosion on Heterogeneous Surfaces

Failure Analysis of Diode Components of Electronic Relay Packages Via Thorough Microstructural Characterization

“…or advanced technique like Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) and its upgraded version Scanning Kelvin Force Microscopy (SKPM), Localised electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) etc. [9]. This is to obtain quick ideas about the existence and nature of corrosion, if any, during service so as to avoid sudden failure of the subject component.…”

Local electrochemistry of reinforcement steel – Distribution of open circuit and pitting potentials on steels with different surface condition

“…Only in poorly conducting electrolytes and/or at very small distance between reference electrode and sample surface differences in potential can be measured. Such techniques are SRET (scanning reference electrode technique [12]), SVET (scanning vibrating electrode technique [14]) and LEIS (local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy [15]). Scanning techniques are rapid but usually do not allow gathering information about the polarization behavior of the surface area under test.…”

“…Spatial variations were typically studied mainly with the scope to detect localized corrosion phenomena or material inhomogeneities; variations in the OCP only might have been recorded but not reported. The different techniques for studying local electrochemistry were reviewed [12,13] and are briefly presented below.…”

Automated local electrochemical characterization on metals with complex shape and practice-related surface state

“…While electrochemical techniques offer many advantages to study corrosion phenomena and for material characterization, "bulk electrochemistry" (the entire sample immersed and measured) may not always fully reveal the differences and processes at the local scale. For this reason, several techniques of localized electrochemical characterization have been developed [1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. They can be divided between "immersive techniques" with the studied sample fully immersed in an electrolyte and the "point measuring techniques" where only a part of the studied material is in contact with the test electrolyte (Fig.…”

“…The "immersive techniques", such as Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET) [5], Scanning Reference Electrode Technique (SRET) [6], Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy [SECM] [7], Local Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS) [8], or Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) [9], are able to detect local variations of localized corrosion processes. These techniques allow the qualitative identification of different zones of an electrode such as anodic and cathodic reaction locations.…”