Role of Molecular Tools and Biotechnology in Climate-Resilient Agriculture

Mafakheri, Mohammad; Kordrostami, Mojtaba

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2172-0_17

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…Most natural environments contain biotic and abiotic stresses for plants [ 3 , 4 ]. Drought and salinity as two abiotic stressors in the process of desertification have a significant impact on limiting crop growth and reducing crop production [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant gene expression analysis and evaluation of total phenol content and oxygen-scavenging system in tea accessions under normal and drought stress conditions

et al. 2021

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Background Abiotic and biotic stresses induce oxidative processes in plant cells that this process starts with the production of ROSs which cause damage to the proteins. Therefore, plants have increased their antioxidant activity to defend against this oxidative stress to be able to handle stress better. In this research, 14 different tea accessions in a randomized complete block design with two replications were evaluated in two normal and drought stress conditions, and their antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH-free radicals’ assay and gene expression analysis. Results The results of gene expression analysis showed that the 100 and 399 accessions and Bazri cultivar had high values for most of the antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase under drought stress conditions while the 278 and 276 accessions had the lowest amount of antioxidant enzymes in the same situation. Results showed that the IC50 of the BHT combination was 90.12 μg/ ml. Also, The IC50 of accessions ranged from 218 to 261 μg/ml and 201–264 μg/ml at normal and drought stress conditions, respectively. The 100 and 399 accessions showed the lowest IC50 under normal and drought stress conditions, while 278 and 276 accessions had the highest value for IC50. The antioxidant activity of tea accession extracts under normal conditions was ranged from 25 to 69% for accessions 278 and 100, respectively. While, the antioxidant activities of extracts under drought stress condition was 12 to 83% for accessions 276 and 100, respectively. So, according to the results, 100 and 399 accessions exhibited the least IC50 and more antioxidant activity under drought stress conditions and were identified as stress-tolerant accessions. However, 278 and 276 accessions did not show much antioxidant activity and were recognized as sensitive accessions under drought stress conditions. Conclusions These results demonstrate that total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and the oxygen-scavenging system can be used as a descriptor for identifying drought-tolerant accessions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant gene expression analysis and evaluation of total phenol content and oxygen-scavenging system in tea accessions under normal and drought stress conditions

et al. 2021

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“…Climate-resilient varieties are designed to be more tolerant to environmental stresses, including drought, heat, and excess moisture. When plants are under less stress, their natural defense systems are better equipped to combat rust infections (Mafakheri and Kordrostami, 2020).…”

Section: Significance Of Developing Climate-resilient Varieties To Ac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Approaches to Enhancing Rust Resistance in Wheat Leading to Global Food Security

Afzal,

Mushtaq,

Ahmad

et al. 2024

Plant Prot.

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Rust diseases pose significant threats to wheat production. The deployment of wheat cultivars endowed with rust resistance stands as the most potent strategy for effective rust management. This resistance is primarily inherited through Mendelian principles discovered in 1905, but traditional breeding methods are time-consuming. Modern strategies have emerged to develop rust-resistant wheat varieties efficiently. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) accelerates the breeding process through precise screening, bringing about a revolution in the creation of rust-resistant wheat varieties. Genetic engineering techniques allow the transfer of resistance genes from other species into susceptible crops, but GMO use remains controversial and regulated. Gene editing, especially with CRISPR-Cas9, is a game-changer, enabling the introduction of natural variations or inactivation of critical genes in rust pathogens, enhancing plant resistance. RNA interference (RNAi) is another promising strategy, using small RNA molecules to inhibit rust pathogen gene expression, reducing disease severity. Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) primes plant immune systems by treating them with beneficial microorganisms or compounds, fortifying them against subsequent rust infections. Eco-friendly biofungicides with antagonistic microorganisms suppress rust infections as alternatives to chemical fungicides. The development of climate-resilient wheat varieties is essential, as they indirectly enhance rust resistance, ensuring stable production amid changing climate conditions. These efforts to improve wheat productivity and rust resistance are crucial for feeding the growing global population. Integrating modern methods with traditional breeding is key to effectively combatting rust diseases and enhancing food security.

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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) genetic improvement via biotechnological approaches

Kordrostami

Mafakheri

Al-Khayri

2022

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Role of Molecular Tools and Biotechnology in Climate-Resilient Agriculture

Cited by 3 publications

References 249 publications

Antioxidant gene expression analysis and evaluation of total phenol content and oxygen-scavenging system in tea accessions under normal and drought stress conditions

Antioxidant gene expression analysis and evaluation of total phenol content and oxygen-scavenging system in tea accessions under normal and drought stress conditions

Modern Approaches to Enhancing Rust Resistance in Wheat Leading to Global Food Security

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) genetic improvement via biotechnological approaches

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