Role of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Wastewater: A Review

Abstract

Water is an essential part of life and its availability is important for all living creatures. On the other side, the world is suffering from a major problem of drinking water. There are several gases, microorganisms and other toxins (chemicals and heavy metals) added into water during rain, flowing water, etc. which is responsible for water pollution. This review article describes various applications of nanomaterial in removing different types of impurities from polluted water. There are various kinds of nanomaterials, which carried huge potential to treat polluted water (containing metal toxin substance, different organic and inorganic impurities) very effectively due to their unique properties like greater surface area, able to work at low concentration, etc. The nanostructured catalytic membranes, nanosorbents and nanophotocatalyst based approaches to remove pollutants from wastewater are eco-friendly and efficient, but they require more energy, more investment in order to purify the wastewater. There are many challenges and issues of wastewater treatment. Some precautions are also required to keep away from ecological and health issues. New modern equipment for wastewater treatment should be flexible, low cost and efficient for the commercialization purpose.

Phyto-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Terminalia chebula Fruit Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential

“…Prominent efforts have been made in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants and microorganisms. Silver nanoparticles are profoundly important, and used as antimicrobial agents [1], in water purification systems [2] and in cosmetics [3]. Moreover, AgNPs are very much suitable for biological imaging and sensing as they exhibit strong optical properties [4].…”

Recent advances on push–pull organic dyes as visible light photoinitiators of polymerization

“…As final applications that could emerge in the Future for polymer films con taining push-pull dyes is waster waste treatment and environmental remediation. Indeed, photodegradation of pollutants is a hot research topic requiring the use of photocatalysts to proceed [239][240][241][242][243][244]. In this field, the use of three-component photoinitiating systems render the photopolymerization process photocatalytic so that the dyes used as the photosensitizers to initiate the polymerization process could be latter used for the photodegradation of pollutants.…”

Biomedical Waste Management by Using Nanophotocatalysts: The Need for New Options

“…Synthesis of structures such as nanorod, nanosphere, nanoflowers, nanoflakes and nanocones with improved functional and structural properties could open a new area of study in this subject. Crucially nanophotocatalysts with excellent efficiency, inexpensive, eco-friendly and high stability are needed to be synthesized [229].…”