Role of Natural Plant Products Against Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative disorder. Deposition of amyloid fibrils and tau protein are associated with various pathological symptoms. Currently limited medication is available for AD treatment. Most of the drugs are basically cholinesterase inhibitors and associated with various side effects. Natural plant products have shown potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD symptoms. Variety of secondary metabolites like flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenols are used to reduce the progression of the disease. Plant products have less or no side effect and are easily available. The present review gives a detailed account of the potential of natural plant products against the AD symptoms.

Mechanism of Neural Regeneration Induced by Natural Product LY01 in the 5×FAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…By analyzing the results of male and female mice after administration of LY01, we found that although LY01 has estrogen like structure, intravenous injection of LY01 will not cause obvious side effects on mice of both genders due to excessive estrogen, and both showed obvious effect of promoting neural regeneration. As natural plant products have fewer or no side effects and are easily available, their effect of AD treatment has been widely studied ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ). But most of their mechanisms focus on neuroprotection, antioxidation, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and Aβ deposition reduction ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ; Park et al, 2014 ).…”

“…As natural plant products have fewer or no side effects and are easily available, their effect of AD treatment has been widely studied ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ). But most of their mechanisms focus on neuroprotection, antioxidation, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and Aβ deposition reduction ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ; Park et al, 2014 ). This study enriches the mechanism of natural products in the AD prevention or treatment.…”

Hawthorn flavonoid ameliorates cognitive deficit in mice with Alzheimer's disease by increasing the levels of Bifidobacteriales in gut microbiota and docosapentaenoic acid in serum metabolites

“…21 Previous studies have reported varieties of natural products (NPs) could alleviate the development of AD through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-amyloidogenic properties. 22 As a natural polyphenolic compound, flavonoids can ameliorate diseases with multiple targets. 23 However, the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective activity of HF in AD mice has not been elucidated.…”

Functionalization strategies of polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery in Alzheimer’s disease: Current trends and future perspectives

“…Another interesting intervention strategy that is being recently explored in the search for alternative cures against AD is represented by nanoformulated natural products, such as phytochemicals, through the brilliant merging between medicinal plants and nanotechnology ( Jadhav et al, 2017 ; Woon et al, 2021 ). One of the major needs related to the use of phytotherapeutics in AD is indeed the reduction of severe side effects of current drugs while maintaining their medicinal potentials and efficacy ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ). In this context, also polymeric NPs have been employed to efficiently deliver plant-based therapeutics to the brain by crossing the BBB with some promising results, as exhaustively reviewed by Ovais et al (2018) .…”

“…The most common action mechanisms of plant-derived agents against AD, ranges from anti-amyloidogenic activity as well as inhibition of tau hyperphosphorylation and tangle clearance, to the anti-inflammatory potential within the neuroglia and protection against free radical-induced neurodegeneration, thereby exhibiting important neuroprotective effects by enhancing the memory and learning process that normally regress in patients ( Baum et al, 2008 ; Ahmad et al, 2016 ; Ali et al, 2017 ; Ayaz et al, 2017a , b ). Various natural plant products and secondary metabolites including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenols are used to reduce the progression of AD and to mitigate the disease-related synthoms ( Varshney and Siddique, 2021 ). Among several examples of preclinical applications, nanodelivery of curcumin against aggregation of the tau protein and β-amyloid plaques is considered one of the most attractive.…”