Role of Nutrition and Diet on Healthy Mental State

Granero, Roser

doi:10.3390/nu14040750

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Pharmacological treatment of these disorders in the elderly is challenging due to potential side effects. A balanced, personalized diet is fundamental for a good somatic and mood state in all patients [ 51 , 52 ]. Nutrition is especially important in the elderly due to changes in health and social status [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

et al. 2023

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The elderly often suffer from sleep disorders and depression, which contribute to mood disorders. In our previous work, we showed that elderly individuals with mood disorders had a lower intake of TRP and recommended a TRP-based dietary intervention to improve the mental state of such individuals. In this work, we assessed the impact of a TRP-rich diet on the mental state of, and TRP metabolism in, elderly individuals with mood disorders. Forty elderly individuals with depression and sleep disorders and an equal number of elderly subjects without mood disorders were enrolled in this study. TRP intake was evaluated with the nutrition calculator. Patients with mood disorders had a lower TRP intake than their normal counterparts and received a TRP-rich diet with TRP content of 25 mg per kilogram of the body per day for 12 weeks. The mental state was assessed before and after this dietary intervention with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). At those times, urinary levels of TRP and its metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), L-kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) were determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and related to creatinine level. After TRP-based dietary intervention, the score of ISI and HAM-D decreased by more than half. A correlation analysis reveals that TRP, 5-HIAA, and KYNA might have anti-depressive action, while KYN and QA—pro-depressive. The levels of TRP, 5-HIAA, and KYNA in urine of mood disorder patients increased, while the levels of KYN and QA decreased. In conclusion, dietary consumption of adequate amount of tryptophan has a beneficial effect on mental health of the elderly with mood disorders and improves metabolism of this amino acid. Therefore, a TRP-enriched diet may be considered as a component of the treatment of elderly individuals with mood disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

et al. 2023

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“…These characteristics, similar to those of first-choice medication for managing ADHD, raise the hypothesis that caffeine also plays a role in reducing impulsivity, improving sustained attention, and reducing hyperactivity. Recent literature reviews [ 46 , 47 , 48 ] indicate that caffeine may serve as a therapeutic option in managing patients with ADHD, although this is controversial in the literature. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of caffeine versus placebo on ADHD symptoms in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caffeine on Main Symptoms in Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Perrotte,

Moreira,

de Vargas Junior

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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(1) Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically treated with stimulant medications, which may lead to several adverse effects. Recent animal studies have shown that caffeine can improve the symptoms of ADHD. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to evaluate the effect of caffeine on ADHD symptoms in children. (2) Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing caffeine with placebo in children, comparing overall symptoms of ADHD, inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. (3) Results: We included seven RCTs in the systematic review for qualitative assessment, with 104 patients aged 5 to 15 years. Four of these studies (n = 76) were included in the meta-analysis. After qualitative analysis, four studies indicated no improvement in any of the ADHD symptoms compared with placebo. One study showed improvement in ADHD symptoms based on 1 of 5 scales applied. One study indicated significant improvement in general symptoms, inattention, and hyperactivity. One study indicated improvement in sustained attention but a worsening of impulsivity. In contrast, when using a quantitative analysis of the general symptoms of ADHD, the data showed no significant difference when comparing placebo with caffeine (standardized mean difference −0.12; 95% CI −0.44 to 0.20; p = 0.45; I2 = 0%). (4) Conclusion: overall, the totality of the evidence suggests no significant benefit of caffeine over placebo in the treatment of children with ADHD.

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“…Diet is one of the most significant factors that influences the human intestinal microbiota structure and function, and the association found between diet and mental health might partially be through the microbiota. An adequate supply of micronutrients and macronutrients is essential to well-being and provides the foundation for microbiome health, low inflammation as well as for the efficacy of other psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions [ 115 , 116 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meals, Microbiota and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents (MMM-Study): A protocol for an observational longitudinal case-control study

et al. 2022

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Recent studies indicate that the interplay between diet, intestinal microbiota composition, and intestinal permeability can impact mental health. More than 10% of children and adolescents in Iceland suffer from mental disorders, and rates of psychotropics use are very high. The aim of this novel observational longitudinal case-control study, “Meals, Microbiota and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents (MMM-Study)” is to contribute to the promotion of treatment options for children and adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders through identification of patterns that may affect the symptoms. All children and adolescents, 5–15 years referred to the outpatient clinic of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department at The National University Hospital in Reykjavik, Iceland, for one year (n≈150) will be invited to participate. There are two control groups, i.e., sex-matched children from the same postal area (n≈150) and same parent siblings (full siblings) in the same household close in age +/- 3 years (n<150). A three-day food diary, rating scales for mental health, and multiple questionnaires will be completed. Biosamples (fecal-, urine-, saliva-, blood samples, and buccal swab) will be collected and used for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the oral and gut microbiome, measurements of serum factors, quantification of urine metabolites and host genotype, respectively. For longitudinal follow-up, data collection will be repeated after three years in the same groups. Integrative analysis of diet, gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, serum metabolites, and mental health will be conducted applying bioinformatics and systems biology approaches. Extensive population-based data of this quality has not been collected before, with collection repeated in three years’ time, contributing to the high scientific value. The MMM-study follows the “Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology” (STROBE) guidelines. Approval has been obtained from the Icelandic National Bioethics Committee, and the study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov. The study will contribute to an improved understanding of the links between diet, gut microbiota and mental health in children through good quality study design by collecting information on multiple components, and a longitudinal approach. Furthermore, the study creates knowledge on possibilities for targeted and more personalized dietary and lifestyle interventions in subgroups. Trial registration numbers: VSN-19-225 & NCT04330703.

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Role of Nutrition and Diet on Healthy Mental State

Abstract: A large number of scientists and health professionals recognize that balanced nutrition is fundamental for a good state of physical health [...]

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Effects of Caffeine on Main Symptoms in Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Meals, Microbiota and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents (MMM-Study): A protocol for an observational longitudinal case-control study

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