Role of occupational therapy in person‐centred dementia care: Exploring family member and clinician perceptions

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the role of occupational therapy in dementia facilities using a person‐centred model of care, from the perspective of family members, occupational therapists and multidisciplinary health professionals.MethodsA descriptive qualitative approach was adopted, and all data were evaluated using thematic analysis. Semi‐structured interviews were completed with eight family members and five multidisciplinary health professionals. Four occupational therapists practising in dementia care also provided qualitative data via an online survey.ResultsThe analysis identified two key themes around perceptions of occupational therapy in person‐centred dementia care. These themes were (1) the poorly defined scope of the occupational therapy role and (2) the perceived features of the occupational therapy role.ConclusionsWhile the perceptions and experiences of participants varied, the scope of this role is currently poorly defined. Occupational therapists in this setting commonly facilitate positive social interaction and present‐oriented occupational engagement with residents and are also recognised as building workforce capacity with multidisciplinary colleagues. Without a clearly defined scope of practice, the role of occupational therapy in enabling health and well‐being for people with dementia cannot be coherently articulated. This could lead to underutilisation of occupational therapy services, and lost opportunities for residents to experience improved health and well‐being.