Role of oxidative stress in epileptic seizures

Shin, Eun Joo; Jeong, Ji Hoon; Chung, Yoon Hee; Kim, Won Ki; Ko, Kwang Ho; Bach, Jae Hyung; Hong, Jau–Shyong; Yoneda, Yukio; Kim, Hyoung Chun

doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.03.025

Cited by 360 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 231 publications

(266 reference statements)

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“…Many studies have demonstrated that repeated seizure activity results in increased oxidation of cellular macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleotides, which in turn can lead to neuronal death. It has been hypothesised that a cascade of events including excessive neuronal firing, increased glutamate release, Nmethyl-D-aspartate receptor activation, influx of calcium into the cytosol and mitochondria and increased ATP consumption leads to abundant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Shin et al 2011). The brain is rich in mitochondria due to its high metabolic demand and it is plausible that this ROS production may overwhelm the normal mitochondrial antioxidant defences leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and greater superoxide production through a damaged respiratory chain, thus producing a self-perpetuating vicious cycle of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures Due to a KCNQ2 Mutation: Treatment with Vitamin B6

Reid¹,

Hj²,

Stabej³

et al. 2015

JIMD Reports

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There is increasing evidence that vitamin B 6 , given either as pyridoxine or pyridoxal 5 0 -phosphate, can sometimes result in improved seizure control in idiopathic epilepsy. Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify a de novo mutation (c.629G>A; p.Arg210His) in KCNQ2 in a 7-year-old patient whose neonatal seizures showed a response to pyridoxine and who had a high plasma to CSF pyridoxal 5 0 -phosphate ratio, usually indicative of an inborn error of vitamin B 6 metabolism. This mutation has been described in three other patients with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. A review of the literature was performed to assess the effectiveness of vitamin B 6 treatment in patients with a KCNQ2 channelopathy. Twenty-three patients have been reported to have been trialled with B 6

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures Due to a KCNQ2 Mutation: Treatment with Vitamin B6

Reid¹,

Hj²,

Stabej³

et al. 2015

JIMD Reports

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“…For all these reasons, the nervous system is very sensitive to the destructive effects of ROS [28,29]. Additionally, oxidative stress has been shown to induce neuronal degeneration in experimental models of epilepsy and many other neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease [7,[30][31][32][33]. In contrast, ROS is scavenged by defense mechanisms such as enzymatic antioxidants such as SOD and GPx, and thus reducing the deleterious effects of oxidative stress [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of treadmill exercise on oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils with penicillin-induced epilepsy

Çetinkaya

Demi̇r²,

Orallar³

et al. 2018

j-ebr

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A B S T R A C TAim: To evaluate the role of treadmill exercise on the oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils with penicillin-induced epilepsy. Methods: This experimental study included 18 male Mongolian gerbils which were divided into three groups; sham-control group, penicillin group (500 units) and exercise + penicillin (500 units) group. Each animal group was composed of six Mongolian gerbils. The epileptiform activity was verified by electrocorticographic recordings. Results: The latency of the penicillin+exercise group was longer than the penicillin group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Following the penicillin administration, spike wave frequencies of epileptiform activity in the 10, 30, and 35 minutes were significantly lower in the penicillin+exercise group, compared with the penicillin group. There were generally significant decreases in the spike wave amplitude medians in the penicillin+exercise groups compared with the penicillin group in all time periods between 0 and 5 minutes. The serum superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels increased in the penicillin+exercise group compared with those in the penicillin group. Conclusion:The results of present study indicate that regular exercise may contribute to the amelioration of epileptic activity by increasing the antioxidant effect.

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“…[18] The cytotoxic mechanism by which reactive oxygene species (ROS) induce neuronal damage may involve direct oxidative attack on cellular macromolecules and initiation or propagation of free radical chain reaction, ultimately leading to macromolecular damage. [19] Proteins, lipids and DNA are sensitive targets of ROS. As seizure induced inflammation is associated with free radical production and oxidative stress, there is also an increase in lipid peroxidation level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presentation to Affirmative Effect of Doxcycyline in pentylene tetrazole induced Seizures models

Erbaş¹,

Çelik²,

Cinar³

et al. 2014

Epilepsi

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Amaç: Daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda enflamasyonun epilepsi patogeneziyle olan ilişkisi gösterilmiştir, buna göre oksidatif stresin de epilepsi patogeneziyle ilişkili olabileceği düşünülebilir. Literatürde doksisiklinin hem antienflamatuvar hem de antioksidan etkilerini inceleyen çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı doksisiklinin muhtemel antikonvulzan etkilerini elektroensefelografi kayıtları (EEG), laboratuvar bulguları ve davranışsal bulgular eşliğinde incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem:Otuz altı sıçan rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup A EEG kayıtları, Group B ise davranışsal değişikliklerin incelenmesi için belirlendi. 35 mg/kg pentilentetrazol (PTZ) EEG kayıtları için, 70 mg/kg PTZ davranışsal değişiklikler oluşturmak için kullanıldı. Davranışsal değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesinde ilk miyoklonik jerk zamanı ve Racine konvulziyon skalası kullanıldı, EEG kayıtlarının değerlendirilmesinde ise spike yüzdeleri kullanıldı. Bulgular:Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucunda doksisiklin verilen gruplarda spike yüzdeleri, ilk miyoklonik jerk zamanları ve Racine konvulziyon skoları açısından doksisiklinin olumlu etkileri tespit edildi. Ayrıca çalışmamızda doksisiklin verilen grupta malonedialdehit seviyeleri düşmüşken, süperoksitdismutaz seviyelerinin artmış olduğu görüldü.Sonuç: Sunulan çalışmada doksisiklinin PTZ indükte konvulziyonlar üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu görülmüştür, bu etkisini de antienflamatuvar ve nöroprotektif özellikler yoluyla olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz. SummaryObjectives: There were some experimental and clinical evidence that inflammation in the brain is likely to predispose epileptogenesis. Also, it is thought to be that oxidative stress can play a role in epilepsy. Both laboratory and clinical studies have demonstrated the antiinflammatory-antioxidant properties of doxycycline. We aimed to highlight the anticonvulsant action of doxycycline based on clinical, laboratory and EEG findings in animal models. Methods: 36 rats were randomly divided in two groups. Group A for EEG recordings and Group B for behavioral assesment. 35 mg/kg pentylene tetrazole (PTZ) used for EEG recording and 70 mg/kg PTZ used for behavioral evaulations. For behavioral evaluations we assessed first myoclonic jerk time (FMJ) and Racine convulsion scores (RCS). Results:The groups were evaluated according to EEG records and severety of seizures. It was found to be doxcycyline is effective both on the time of the first myoclonic jerk' (FMJ) latency and Racine convulsion scale (RCS) scores. Besides, doxcycyline significantly decreased to the percentage of spikes on electroencephalography (EEG) records. Also In current study, it was detected that Malone dialdehit (MDA) levels decreased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in doxcycyline-treated groups. Conclusion:In our study, we evaluated that the anticonvulsant effects of doxycycline showed a dose dependent protective effect against PTZ-induced seizures in rats by its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties.

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Role of oxidative stress in epileptic seizures

Cited by 360 publications

References 231 publications

Seizures Due to a KCNQ2 Mutation: Treatment with Vitamin B6

Seizures Due to a KCNQ2 Mutation: Treatment with Vitamin B6

The effects of treadmill exercise on oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils with penicillin-induced epilepsy

Presentation to Affirmative Effect of Doxcycyline in pentylene tetrazole induced Seizures models

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