Role of peptide YY(3–36) in the satiety produced by gastric delivery of macronutrients in rats

Reidelberger, Roger D.; Haver, Alvin C.; Chelikani, Prasanth

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00075.2013

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Because the satiety effects of PYY(3‐36) are dependent on central (53, 54), vagal (36, 37), and oral (55) mechanisms, the relative contribution of peripheral vs. central Y2 receptor signaling to protein‐induced satiety is unknown. We previously reported that the antagonism of peripheral Y2 receptors attenuated the inhibition of food intake by acute intragastric infusion of casein hydrolysate (41). We extend this finding to normal feeding and now demonstrate that peripheral Y2 receptor blockade attenuated the hypophagic effects of diets that are enriched with whey and its components, lactalbumin and lactoferrin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, as in Experiment 1, rats were randomly assigned to receive control, whey, lactalbumin, or lactoferrin diets. In a crossover design on d 5‐9, a peripherally restricted Y2 receptor blocker (BIIE 0246; 100 nmol/kg body weight; Tocris Bioscience, Cedarlane, Burlington, ON, Canada) (41, 43) or vehicle (0.1% bovine serum albumin in 0.9% NaCl) were intraperitoneally injected on alternate days at ~10 min before dark onset in non‐food‐deprived rats. Food intake, meal patterns (44) (mean meal size, number of meals, and meal latency), energy expenditure, and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured by using Oxymax (Columbus Instruments) for the initial 6 h of the dark period postinjection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the germline inactivation of PYY gene expression was found to promote hyperphagia and obesity that were refractory to high‐protein diets (38), others have failed to detect a hyperphagic response to PYY deletion in mice (39, 40). We recently reported that the administration of a peripherally restricted Y2 receptor antagonist attenuated the inhibition of food intake during acute intragastric infusion of casein hydrolysate in rats (41). If PYY is to satisfy the criteria for a physiologic satiety signal (42) for dietary protein in obese states, then it is important to demonstrate that the expression and secretion of PYY are increased with highprotein diets and that the blockade of PYY signaling should produce an orexigenic response in obese humans or in relevant diet‐induced obese animal models.…”

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Peptide YY mediates the satiety effects of diets enriched with whey protein fractions in male rats

2018

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Dairy proteins-whey protein, in particular-are satiating and often recommended for weight control; however, little is known about the mechanisms by which whey protein and its components promote satiety and weight loss. We used diet-induced obese rats to determine whether the hypophagic effects of diets that are enriched with whey and its fractions, lactalbumin and lactoferrin, are mediated by the gut hormone, peptide YY (PYY). We demonstrate that high protein diets that contain whey, lactalbumin, and lactoferrin decreased food intake and body weight with a concurrent increase in PYY mRNA abundance in the colon and/or plasma PYY concentrations. Of importance, blockade of PYY neuropeptide Y receptor subtype 2 (Y2) receptors with a peripherally restricted antagonist attenuated the hypophagic effects of diets that are enriched with whey protein fractions. Diets that are enriched with whey fractions were less preferred; however, in a modified conditioned taste preference test, PYY Y2 receptor blockade induced hyperphagia of a lactoferrin diet, but caused a reduction in preference for Y2 antagonist-paired flavor, which suggested that PYY signaling is important for lactoferrin-induced satiety, but not essential for preference for lactoferrin-enriched diets. Taken together, these data provide evidence that the satiety of diets that are enriched with whey protein components is mediated, in part, via enhanced PYY secretion and action in obese male rats.-Zapata, R. C., Singh, A., Chelikani, P. K. Peptide YY mediates the satiety effects of diets enriched with whey protein fractions in male rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

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Peptide YY mediates the satiety effects of diets enriched with whey protein fractions in male rats

2018

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“…There are many experimental differences that could explain the apparent discrepancy. As for GLP-1, PYY signaling through the Y2 receptor has both a peripheral and central component (2,8,9,49,53,58). However, in contrast to the GLP-1 receptor antagonist Ex9, the Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE0246 does not easily cross the blood-brain barrier (11) and may not reach Y2 receptors on arcuate nucleus neurons in sufficient concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GLP-1 receptor signaling is not required for reduced body weight after RYGB in rodents

Zheng

Mumphrey

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

163

116

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-Exaggerated GLP-1 and PYY secretion is thought to be a major mechanism in the reduced food intake and body weight after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Here, we use complementary pharmacological and genetic loss-of-function approaches to test the role of increased signaling by these gut hormones in high-fat diet-induced obese rodents. Chronic brain infusion of a supramaximal dose of the selective GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-9 -39 into the lateral cerebral ventricle significantly increased food intake and body weight in both RYGB and sham-operated rats, suggesting that, while contributing to the physiological control of food intake and body weight, central GLP-1 receptor signaling tone is not the critical mechanism uniquely responsible for the body weightlowering effects of RYGB. Central infusion of the selective Y2R-antagonist BIIE0246 had no effect in either group, suggesting that it is not critical for the effects of RYGB on body weight under the conditions tested. In a recently established mouse model of RYGB that closely mimics surgery and weight loss dynamics in humans, obese GLP-1R-deficient mice lost the same amount of body weight and fat mass and maintained similarly lower body weight compared with wild-type mice. Together, the results surprisingly provide no support for important individual roles of either gut hormone in the specific mechanisms by which RYGB rats settle at a lower body weight. It is likely that the beneficial effects of bariatric surgeries are expressed through complex mechanisms that require combination approaches for their identification.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; gut hormones; brain; GLP-1R knockout; food intake; exendin-(9 -39), BIIE0246; high-fat diet THE NUMBER OF BARIATRIC SURGERIES performed has steadily increased because for many obese patients, it is the last hope for significant and enduring body weight loss and general improvement of health. There have been an increasing number of clinical and preclinical studies with the goal to unravel the mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects of bariatric surgeries, but there has not yet been a breakthrough. A major hypothesis is that changes in gut hormone release are crucial. Drastically increased postprandial circulating levels of GLP-1 and PYY have been demonstrated in clinical studies (18,32,33,36,38,44,47,50) and in rodent models (13, 16, 37, 56) for both Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy.GLP-1 is a powerful hormone that acts both in the periphery and brain to stimulate insulin secretion, inhibit gastric emptying, and suppress food intake (for recent reviews, see Refs. 7,12,43). Exogenous administration of GLP-1 or its stable analog exendin-4, as well as PYY(3-36), has been shown in numerous preclinical and clinical studies to suppress food intake and lower body weight (e.g., (2,4,5,9,15,19,24,27,40,57,59) or to suppress hepatic glucose production (52), in some of them by directly acting on the brain. The stable GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 is widely used by Type 2 diabetic patients to sta...

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“…Reg Swish= sucrose beverage + swish for 30 sec and spit out; Reg Ingest= sucrose beverage + swallow; Diet Swish= aspartame beverage + swish for 30 sec and spit out; Diet Ingest= aspartame beverage + swallow. pancreas and release insulin [27] and reduced PYY to signal satiety [28]. However, when presented with a carbohydrate challenge, the plasma enzymatic activity of DPP-IV was not altered, despite a significant increase in blood glucose with sucrose ingestion.…”

Section: Plasma Dpp-iv Activity Response To Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Activity and Neuropeptide Y in the Mouth: The Relationship with Body Composition and the Impact of Carbohydrates

Neidert

Babu

Kluess

2016

JNB

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Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) is an enzyme present in the saliva, and its interaction with satiety related hormones is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine possible relationships between salivary DPP-IV activity and body composition. Further, the response of salivary DPP-IV activity to carbohydrates was investigated. We tested 111 people for plasma and saliva DPP-IV activity using a fluorometric assay and Neuropeptide Y 1-36 (NPY) protein using an EIA. Body composition was determined via a DEXA scan. Relationships were determined using regression analysis. In the second part, we tested 28 people on four separate occasions, where the participants either swished and spit or ingested a commercially available sucrose or aspartame sweetened beverage. Saliva and plasma were collected before and after each condition and were processed as described above. Blood glucose was also measured. No relationship was found between salivary DPP-IV activity or NPY 1-36 and any body composition measurement. For Part 2, no change in plasma DPP-IV occurred with any of the conditions, despite an increase in blood glucose with the sucrose-beverage ingestion condition (p<0.05). However, salivary DPP-IV activity was attenuated with all conditions, except aspartame-beverage swish and spit. Salivary NPY 1-36 was not altered by the conditions. The unique finding from this study was that salivary DPP-IV activity was attenuated with sucrose or aspartame beverage, but plasma DPP-IV was unchanged. This result implies that satiety may be reduced when drinking sucrose or aspartame beverages.

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Role of peptide YY(3–36) in the satiety produced by gastric delivery of macronutrients in rats

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Peptide YY mediates the satiety effects of diets enriched with whey protein fractions in male rats

Peptide YY mediates the satiety effects of diets enriched with whey protein fractions in male rats

GLP-1 receptor signaling is not required for reduced body weight after RYGB in rodents

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Activity and Neuropeptide Y in the Mouth: The Relationship with Body Composition and the Impact of Carbohydrates

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