Role of Pericytes in the Initiation and Propagation of Spontaneous Activity in the Microvasculature

Hashitani, Hikaru; Mitsui, Retsu

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-5895-1_14

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…3A) (1,8). Thus, there seems to be a reciprocal facilitation between SR/ER Ca 2+ cycling and plasmalemmal ion channels (1,8).…”

Section: Basis Of Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transients In Mural Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mural cells, i.e. vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) or pericytes, in the microvasculature of visceral organs exhibit synchronous spontaneous Ca 2+ transients with or without vasoconstrictions (7,8). Therefore, visualisations of the spontaneous changes in intracellular Ca 2+ dynamics of mural cells are fundamental to explore the origin of spontaneous vasomotion in microvascular networks.…”

Section: Spontaneous Vasomotion Of Microvesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the CaCC-dependent depolarisations may facilitate IP 3 production that in turn triggers SR/ER Ca 2+ release resulting in the further amplification of CaCC-dependent depolarisations (Fig. 3A) (1,8). Thus, there seems to be a reciprocal facilitation between SR/ER Ca 2+ cycling and plasmalemmal ion channels (1,8).…”

Section: Basis Of Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transients In Mural Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the bladder suburothelium of NG2-DsRed mice, 'non-contractile' capillary pericytes exhibit synchronous spontaneous Ca 2+ transients that propagate to PCAs resulting in diameter changes (19). Carbenoxolone (10 μM) disrupts the synchrony of spontaneous Ca 2+ transients in capillary pericytes, while preventing spontaneous Ca 2+ transients in mural cells of connecting PCAs, indicating that capillary pericytes function as pacemaker cells to drive the upstream PCAs (8,19). In the guinea-pig stomach, synchronous spontaneous Ca 2+ transients in PCA mural cells spread to SMCs of arterioles to evoke spontaneous vasomotion (28).…”

Section: Origin Of Spreading Synchronous Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synchrony of spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity in microvascular mural cells

Mitsui

Hashitani

2020

J Smooth Muscle Res

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Spontaneous rhythmic constrictions known as vasomotion are developed in several microvascular beds in vivo. Vasomotion in arterioles is considered to facilitate blood flow, while venular vasomotion would facilitate tissue metabolite drainage. Mechanisms underlying vasomotion periodically generate synchronous Ca 2+ transients in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In visceral organs, mural cells (pericytes and VSMCs) in arterioles, capillaries and venules exhibit synchronous spontaneous Ca 2+ transients. Since sympathetic regulation is rather limited in the intra-organ microvessels, spontaneous activity of mural cells may play an essential role in maintaining tissue perfusion. Synchronous spontaneous Ca 2+ transients in precapillary arterioles (PCAs)/capillaries appear to propagate to upstream arterioles to drive their vasomotion, while venules develop their own synchronous Ca 2+ transients and associated vasomotion. Spontaneous Ca 2+ transients of mural cells primarily arise from IP 3 and/or ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca 2+ release from sarcoendoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) Ca 2+ stores. The resultant opening of Ca 2+-activated Clchannels (CaCCs) causes a membrane depolarisation that triggers Ca 2+ influx via T-type and/or L-type voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels (VDCCs). Mural cells are electrically coupled with each other via gap junctions, and thus allow the sequential spread of CaCC or VDCC-dependent depolarisations to develop the synchrony of Ca 2+ transients within their network. Importantly, the synchrony of spontaneous Ca 2+ transients also requires a certain range of the resting membrane potential that is maintained by the opening of K v 7 voltage-dependent K + (K v 7) and inward rectifier K + (K ir) channels. Thus, a depolarised membrane would evoke asynchronous, 'premature' spontaneous Ca 2+ transients, while a hyperpolarised membrane prevents any spontaneous activity.

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“…3A) (1,8). Thus, there seems to be a reciprocal facilitation between SR/ER Ca 2+ cycling and plasmalemmal ion channels (1,8).…”

Section: Basis Of Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transients In Mural Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous Vasomotion Of Microvesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basis Of Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transients In Mural Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origin Of Spreading Synchronous Spontaneous Ca 2+ Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synchrony of spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity in microvascular mural cells

Mitsui

Hashitani

2020

J Smooth Muscle Res

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“…The dermal microvasculature is mainly composed of arterioles, capillaries, and venules (Hashitani & Mitsui, 2019), including DMECs, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and mast cells. The distribution of these cells is not random but focused on the superficial vascular area of the dermis forming the “cuff” structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An effective method of isolating microvascular endothelial cells from the human dermis

Hou

Zhou

et al. 2020

Cell Biology International

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Dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMECs) play central roles in inflammation and angiogenesis and have become important cell models for studying various skin diseases. However, primary DMECs are difficult to culture and often contaminated by mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, and other stromal cells. Surgically removed superfluous foreskin was first cut into pieces, digested with two types of enzymes, and dispersed into single cells. Cells obtained from the dermis were then subjected to Percoll density gradient centrifugation and cells located between densities 1.033 and 1.047 g/ml were further purified with endothelial growth medium containing decreasing concentrations of puromycin. Obtained HDMECs were identified by microscopy, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescent staining. The expression of CD31 (PECAM‐1), CD34, VEGFR2, VWF (Von Willebrand Factor), VE‐Cadherin (CD144), and NOS was positive. HDMECs were found to have abilities of angiogenesis and uptake of acetylated low‐density lipoprotein. Growth curves and cell viability were analyzed, and a growth pattern consisting of the “latency phase‐logarithmic growth phase‐stagnation phase” was determined. In this study, a simple, rapid, effective, and low‐cost method is established to isolate HDMECs from the foreskin with a purity of over 91% and high viability. The method showed good repeatability and allowed a stable passage. This study provides technical support and theoretical guidance for studying the physiological characteristics of HDMECs, the pathogenesis of the skin associated, and other microvascular diseases.

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Architecture of the Blood Vessels

Gao¹

2022

Biology of Vascular Smooth Muscle

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Role of Pericytes in the Initiation and Propagation of Spontaneous Activity in the Microvasculature

Cited by 10 publications

References 143 publications

Synchrony of spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity in microvascular mural cells

Synchrony of spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity in microvascular mural cells

An effective method of isolating microvascular endothelial cells from the human dermis

Architecture of the Blood Vessels

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