Role of Perilipins in Oxidative Stress—Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in a cell. In the heart, oxidative stress may deteriorate calcium handling, cause arrhythmia, and enhance maladaptive cardiac remodeling by the induction of hypertrophic and apoptotic signaling pathways. Consequently, dysregulated ROS production and oxidative stress have been implicated in numerous cardiac diseases, including heart failure, cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved intracellular organelles that enable the safe and stable storage of neutral lipids within the cytosol. LDs are coated with proteins, perilipins (Plins) being one of the most abundant. In this review, we will discuss the interplay between oxidative stress and Plins. Indeed, LDs and Plins are increasingly being recognized for playing a critical role beyond energy metabolism and lipid handling. Numerous reports suggest that an essential purpose of LD biogenesis is to alleviate cellular stress, such as oxidative stress. Given the yet unmet suitability of ROS as targets for the intervention of cardiovascular disease, the endogenous antioxidant capacity of Plins may be beneficial.

High Starch Induces Hematological Variations, Metabolic Changes, Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Histopathological Lesions in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

“…Then, these synthesized LTAG could bind apolipoprotein B100 (APOB100) and enter the bloodstream by free diffusion [102]. Meanwhile, Plin2, as a key lipid droplet coated protein, is tightly related with lipid droplet biogenesis and storage in tissues [103]. Elevated levels of Plin2 are often associated with various metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in human and animals [103,104].…”

“…Meanwhile, Plin2, as a key lipid droplet coated protein, is tightly related with lipid droplet biogenesis and storage in tissues [103]. Elevated levels of Plin2 are often associated with various metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in human and animals [103,104]. The study found that FABP10, GPAT3, GPAT4, DGAT2, APOB100, and Plin2 levels were notably higher in groups consuming high-starch diets, consistent with earlier findings in largemouth bass [18] and gilthead sea bream [105].…”

Advances in the study of polydopamine nanotechnology in central nervous system disorders

“…Langer et al reported that PDA is almost completely degraded at 8 weeks after entry into organisms (Bettinger et al, 2009). PDA nanoparticles lose UV absorption in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and are accompanied by color fading, whereas reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is widely present in phagocytes and in many organs and is capable of generating H 2 O 2 , an endogenous molecule, which suggests that PDA can be biodegraded in vivo (Liu et al, 2013;Cinato et al, 2024).…”