Role of peripheral catecholaminergic systems in the antistress action of neuropeptides

Khaisman, E. B.; Arefolov, V. A.; Malikova, L. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00835749

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“…In other words, the reaction of the chromaffin tissue to stress consists in the release of catecholamines involved into the formation of sustained adaptation of different tissues [7], followed by compensatory up-regulation of their synthesis. The described processes are consistent with neurohormonal changes characteristic of adaptation (resistance) to extreme stimuli [6,9]. Of interest is the fact that the dynamics of epinephrine and norepinephrine content in adrenal chromaffin cells during the first 4 days after injection of 5-FU in a dose of 0.5 MPD practically did not differ from that observed in animals subjected to 6-h immobilization (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…It manifests itself as enhanced catecholamine secretion in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings and as elevated catecholamine concentration in biological fluids [8] proportionally to the intensity and duration of stress [6,9]. There is evidence that general organism reactivity and functional state of SAS change against the background of cytostatic treatment [11], The SAS is the main determinant of adaptation to adverse environmental and internal factors [7].…”

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Reaction of adrenal medulla to extreme factors of various nature

Хлусов¹,

Ti²,

Дыгай³

et al. 1997

Bull Exp Biol Med

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Experiments on mice show that primary decrease in the catecholamine content in the adrenals 6 h and 1-2, and 4 days after immobilization stress is followed by catecholamine accumulation in the adrenal medulla. Practically the same dynamics within days 1-4 is observed after administration of a high dose of 5-fluorouracil; however, the restoration of the initial catecholamine level in mice treated with the cytostatic takes more than in stressed animals. These data suggests that high doses of 5-fluorouracil induce nonspecific activation of the sympathoadrenal system, presumably leading to adaptation to cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil.Key Words: catecholamines; adrenals; 5-fluorouracil; immobilization stress Activation of the sympathoadrenal system (SAS) is the major endocrine shift in stress [4]. It manifests itself as enhanced catecholamine secretion in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings and as elevated catecholamine concentration in biological fluids [8] proportionally to the intensity and duration of stress [6,9]. There is evidence that general organism reactivity and functional state of SAS change against the background of cytostatic treatment [11], The SAS is the main determinant of adaptation to adverse environmental and internal factors [7]. In light of this, it seems interesting to find out some general reactions of SAS to extreme factors of various nature. The aim of the present study was to compare the reaction of the adrenal medulla to immobilization stress and treatment with a high dose of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). MATERIALS AND METHODSExperiments were carried out on 95 random-bred male mice weighing 18-20 g. The animals were either immobilized for 6 h in a supine position with fixed extremities or given a single intraperitoneal injection Institute of Pharmacology, Tomsk Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences of 5-FU in a dose of 0.5 MPD (maximum permissible dose, 114 mg/kg). The mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation under ether anesthesia 6 h and 1-8 days after the challenge. The content of epinephrine and norepinephrine was determined by chromaffin reaction [3]. To this end the adrenals were treated with 5% potassium chromate and bichromate (1:9) for 2 days. Photometry of stained cryostate sections was performed using a Univar cytophotometer (Reichert). The data were processed statistically using the Student's t test. RESULTSHistochemical visualization of biogenic amines showed 3 stages in the dynamics of the adrenal catecholamine content in mouse subjected to immobilization stress (Table 1). A decrease in the catecholamine concentration observed after 6 h and 1-2 (to 52-82%) and 4 days (to 76% of the initial value) was followed by a considerable rise of this parameter on day 6 of the experiment (by 27% in comparison with the initial level). In other words, the reaction of the chromaffin tissue to stress consists in the release of catecholamines involved into the formation of sustained adaptation of different tissues [7], followed by compens...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

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confidence: 99%