Role of Phosphatidylcholine during Neuronal differentiation

Paoletti, Luciana; Elena, Claudia; Domizi, Pablo; Banchio, Claudia

doi:10.1002/iub.521

Cited by 47 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It is a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and choline deficiency has been linked to neurological impairment [51]. Choline’s direct oxidation product is betaine, which plays important roles in cell volume regulation, cell stability, and the regulation and detoxification of homocysteine [52].…”

Section: Microbiota Produced Metabolites and The Evolving Relationshimentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to Our Gut: Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Pathogenesis

Kirsop

Tang

2015

Curr Diab Rep

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What we understand about diabetes from decades of genetics research is now being supplemented with exciting new evidence based on a better understanding of how one of the biggest “environmental” factors the body is exposed to is influencing the pathogenesis of disease. The recent discovery that certain dietary nutrients possessing a trimethylamine (TMA) moiety (namely choline/phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine) participate in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease has renewed attention towards the contributions of gut microbiota in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Collectively, animal and human studies reveal that conversion of these nutrient precursors to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) depends on both microbial composition and host factors, and can be induced by dietary exposures. In addition, circulating TMAO levels are strongly linked to cardiovascular disease risks and various adverse cardio-renal consequences. Our group and others have further demonstrated that circulating TMAO levels are elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy controls and gut microbiota-dependent phosphatidylcholine metabolism has been implicated in metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance in animal models. Therefore, preventive strategies to minimize adverse consequences associated with TMAO generation in the diabetic population are warranted.

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Section: Microbiota Produced Metabolites and The Evolving Relationshimentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to Our Gut: Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Pathogenesis

Kirsop

Tang

2015

Curr Diab Rep

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“…The PEMT gene encodes for an enzyme synthesizing membrane phospholipids associated with SZ (74). This gene helps mediate Arachidonic acid signaling, neuronal differentiation and neurite growth (75). The GPC6 gene belongs to the glypicans that promote glutamate receptor clustering, receptivity and induce postsynaptic synapse formation (76).…”

Section: G9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Sources of Subcomponents of Event-Related Potential in the Dimension of Psychosis Analyzed From the B-SNIP Study

Narayanan¹,

Ethridge²,

O’Neil³

et al. 2015

AJP

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Objective Biological risk factors underlying psychosis are poorly understood. Biological underpinnings of the dimension of psychosis can be derived using genetic associations with intermediate phenotypes such as sub-components of auditory event related potentials (ERPs). Various ERP sub-component abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder with psychosis (PBP) are heritable and expressed in unaffected relatives. Prior studies investigating genetic contributions to ERP abnormalities are limited. We used a novel parallel independent component analysis (Para-ICA) to determine which empirically-derived gene clusters are associated with data-driven ERP sub-components, assuming a complex etiology underlying psychosis. Methods We examined the multivariate polygenic association of ERP sub-components from 64-channel auditory oddball data in 144 SZ, 210 PBP probands and 95 healthy individuals from the multi-site BSNIP study. Data were reduced by principal component analysis to 2 target and 1 standard ERP waveforms. Multivariate association of compressed ERP waveforms with a set of 20,329 SNPs (reduced from a one million SNP array) was examined using Para-ICA. Genes associated with SNPs were further examined using pathway analysis tools. Results Para-ICA identified 4 ERP components that were significantly correlated with 3 genetic components. Enrichment analysis revealed complement immune response pathway and multiple processes including synaptic cell adhesion, axon guidance and neurogenesis significantly mediating ERP abnormalities in psychosis. Conclusions We identified three genetic components comprising multiple genes mediating ERP sub-component abnormalities in SZ and PBP. Our data suggest a possible polygenic structure comprised of genes influencing key neurodevelopmental processes, neural circuitry, brain function mediating biological pathways plausibly associated with psychoses.

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“…Animal model studies reveal adequate levels of choline are required for appropriate formation of phospholipid membranes and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, with choline deficiency, producing neurological impairment (2). The direct oxidation product of choline is betaine, which is a methyl donor in homocysteine remethylation, and also plays an important role in maintaining cellular volume and stability (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Trimethylamine N-Oxide Portends High Mortality Risk Independent of Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2017

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Background Recent studies show a mechanistic link between intestinal microbial metabolism of dietary phosphatidylcholine and coronary artery disease pathogenesis. Concentrations of a pro-atherogenic gut microbe-generated metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), predict increased incident cardiovascular disease risks in multiple cohorts. TMAO concentrations are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but their prognostic value and relation to glycemic control are unclear. Methods We examined the relationship between fasting TMAO and two of its nutrient precursors, choline and betaine, versus 3-year major adverse cardiac events and 5-year mortality in 1,216 stable patients with T2DM who underwent elective diagnostic coronary angiography. Results TMAO (4.4 µmol/L [interquartile range 2.8–7.7µmol/L] vs. 3.6[2.3–5.7µmol/L]; P<0.001) and choline concentrations were higher in individuals with T2DM versus healthy controls. Within T2DM patients, higher plasma TMAO was associated with a significant 3.0-fold increased 3-year major adverse cardiac events risk (P<0.001) and a 3.6-fold increased 5-year mortality risk (P<0.001). Following adjustments for traditional risk factors and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate, increased TMAO concentrations remained predictive of both major adverse cardiac events and mortality risks in T2DM patients (e.g. Quartiles 4 vs. 1, hazard ratio 2.05[95%CI 1.31–3.20], P<0.001; and 2.07[95%CI 1.37–3.14], P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion Fasting plasma concentrations of the pro-atherogenic gut microbe-generated metabolite TMAO are higher in diabetic patients and portend higher major adverse cardiac events and mortality risks independent of traditional risk factors, renal function, and relationship to glycemic control.

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Role of Phosphatidylcholine during Neuronal differentiation

Cited by 47 publications

References 54 publications

Listening to Our Gut: Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Pathogenesis

Listening to Our Gut: Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Pathogenesis

Genetic Sources of Subcomponents of Event-Related Potential in the Dimension of Psychosis Analyzed From the B-SNIP Study

Increased Trimethylamine N-Oxide Portends High Mortality Risk Independent of Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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