Role of Physicochemical Properties of Chitin and Chitosan on their Functionality

Aranaz, Inmaculada; Mengíbar, Marian; Harris, Ruth; Miralles, Beatriz; Acosta, Niuris; Calderón, Laura; Sánchez, Á.; Heras, Ángeles

doi:10.2174/221279680801141112095704

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Total or partial deacetylation of chitin, by chemical or enzymatic methods, yields chitosan, a biodegradable and non-toxic biopolymer that is employed as drug carrier (Varshosaz et al 2006), in bone repair (Jayakumar et al 2010, Muzzarelli 2009, gene therapy (Jayakumar et al 2010, Muzzarelli 2009 and as enzyme support (Sjoholm et al 2009). Chitosan also exhibits antimicrobial, antifungal or antihypercholesterolemic activities (Aranaz et al 2014, Xia et al 2011, which are dependent on its molecular weight (MW) and deacetylation degree (DD). However, some applications of chitosan are limited by its high viscosity and low aqueous solubility at neutral pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic production of fully deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties

Santos-Moriano

Fernández‐Arrojo

Mengíbar³

et al. 2017

Biocatalysis and Biotransformation

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Among several commercial enzymes screened for chitosanolytic activity, Neutrase 0.8L (a protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) was selected in order to obtain a product enriched in deacetylated chitooligosaccharides (COS). The hydrolysis of different chitosans with this enzyme was followed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC-ELSD), mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF), and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Neutrase 0.8L converted 10 g/L of various chitosans into mostly deacetylated oligosaccharides, yielding approximately 2.5 g/L of chitobiose, 4.5 g/L of chitotriose and 3 g/L of chitotetraose. We found out that the neutral protease was not responsible of the chitosanolytic activity in the extract, whilst it could participate in the deacetylating process. The synthesized COS were tested in vitro for their neuroprotective (towards human SH-S5Y5 neurons) and anti-inflammatory (in RAW macrophages) activities, and compared with other functional ingredients, namely fructooligosaccharides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic production of fully deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties

Santos-Moriano

Fernández‐Arrojo

Mengíbar³

et al. 2017

Biocatalysis and Biotransformation

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“…Due to its natural origin, chitosan cannot be defined as a ubiquitous molecule but as a family of copolymers of Nacetylglucosamine and glucosamine. Chitosans have been used in several fields such as biocatalyst, food industry, biomedicine, pharmacy or agriculture (Aranaz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan based films as supports for dual antimicrobial release

Aranaz

Harris

Navarro‐García

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…Depending on the natural source and the conditions used to isolate and deacetylate chitin, the resulting degree of acetylation (DA) and molecular weight of chitosan will depend on the reaction parameters involved [1]. Molecular weight, the DA and even the pattern of acetylation (the distribution of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine units along the chitosan chain) will affect its chemical and biological properties [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitosans with molecular weights ranging from few hundreds daltons (c.a. trimers, tetramers) to 20kDa have been referred to as chitosan oligomers[3]. Thus, Hu et al prepared a CS oligosaccharide (ca.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chitosan Based Self-assembled Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery

Quiñones

Peniche

Péniche

2018

Preprint

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Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide usually obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin poly(N-acetylglucosamine). It is biocompatible, biodegradable, mucoadhesive and non-toxic. These excellent biological properties make chitosan a good candidate for a platform in developing drug delivery systems having improved biodistribution, increased specificity and sensitivity, and reduced pharmacological toxicity. In particular, chitosan nanoparticles are found to be appropriate for non-invasive routes of drug administration: oral, nasal, pulmonary and ocular routes. These applications are facilitated by the absorption-enhancing effect of chitosan. Many procedures for obtaining chitosan nanoparticles have been proposed. Particularly, the introduction of hydrophobic moieties into chitosan molecules by grafting to generate a hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance promoting self-assembly is a current and appealing approach. The grafting agent can be a hydrophobic moiety forming micelles that can entrap lipophilic drugs or it can be the drug itself. Another suitable way to generate self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles is through the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with polyanions. This paper reviews the main approaches for preparing chitosan nanoparticles by self-assembly through both procedures and illustrates the state of the art of their application in drug delivery.

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Role of Physicochemical Properties of Chitin and Chitosan on their Functionality

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Enzymatic production of fully deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties

Enzymatic production of fully deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties

Chitosan based films as supports for dual antimicrobial release

Chitosan Based Self-assembled Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery

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