Role of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Stool and Duodenal Biopsy for Diagnosis of Giardiasis in Patients with Persistent/Chronic Diarrhea

Jangra, Monika; Dutta, Usha; Shah, Jimil; Br, Thapa; Nada, Ritambhra; Gupta, Nalini; Sehgal, Rakesh; Sharma, Vishal; Khurana, Sumeeta

doi:10.1007/s10620-019-06042-2

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… 26 , 29 However, it is well-known that the properly performed stool microscopy detect Giardia only in two-thirds of patients. 43 Hence, some of these patients diagnosed with PI-IBS following Giardia infection might be suffering from chronic giardiasis. Since chronic giardiasis is known to cause malabsorption syndrome and chronic diarrhea, 44 and PI-IBS is often diarrhea-predominant type, there might be diagnostic confusion between chronic giardiasis and PI-IBS.…”

Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Postinfection Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Ghoshal

2022

Gut and Liver

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Following acute gastroenteritis (AGE) due to bacteria, viruses, or protozoa, a subset of patients develop new onset Rome criteria positive irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), called postinfection IBS (PI-IBS). The pooled prevalence of PI-IBS following AGE was 11.5%. PI-IBS is the best natural model that suggests that a subset of patients with IBS may have an organic basis. Several factors are associated with a greater risk of development of PI-IBS following AGE including female sex, younger age, smoking, severity of AGE, abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, treatment with antibiotics, anxiety, depression, somatization, neuroticism, recent adverse life events, hypochondriasis, extroversion, negative illness beliefs, history of stress, sleep disturbance, and family history of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), currently called disorder of gut-brain interaction. Most patients with PI-IBS present with either diarrhea-predominant IBS or the mixed subtype of IBS, and overlap with other FGIDs, such as functional dyspepsia is common. The drugs used to treat non-constipation IBS may also be useful in PI-IBS treatment. Since randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of drugs to treat PI-IBS are rare, more studies are needed on this issue.

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Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Postinfection Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Ghoshal

2022

Gut and Liver

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“…Stool-nested PCR had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94%, respectively, compared to stool microscopy. [ 18 ] Recently, a study in India has proved a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay suitable for the rapid detection of DNA of G. duodenalis (elongation factor 1 alpha gene) from standard strains in 10–15 min, with high sensitivity and no cross reactivity. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular appraisal of Giardia intestinalis from Western India: A prospective observational study

Mohammad,

Tak,

Bohra

et al. 2024

Tropical Parasitology

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Background: Giardia intestinalis is an intestinal protozoan which commonly causes parasitic gastroenteritis globally. It is a species complex consisting of at least eight assemblages (genotypes). In India, Giardia is mostly underreported and missed in asymptomatic cases. Aim: The aim of this study was to genotype the G. intestinalis isolates from stool samples of patients at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan, India, and to clinically correlate it. Methods: This prospective pilot cross-sectional study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 in a tertiary care center in western India. Patients who were microscopically positive for giardiasis were enrolled. DNA was extracted from their stool samples and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 4E1-HP as the target sequence. Anthropometric measurements and analysis were done for children by using Anthrocal application. Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled. Diarrhea was present in 18 patients (36%). Among these, 6 were immunocompromised and had different comorbidities. Among the children <12 years of age, 55.17% (n = 16/29) were stunted (<−2 S.D.), and among <5 years, 44.4% (n = 4/9) showed wasting (<−2 S.D.). A PCR product corresponding to assemblage B of G. intestinalis was amplified in 47 stool specimens. Only three stool samples were negative for both assemblages A and B and posed an interesting enigma. Conclusion: In this study, a predominance of assemblage B of G. intestinalis was detected in 94% of the isolates. Furthermore, the possibility of zoonotic transmission could not be ruled out.

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“…Wide range of parasitic (especially the giardia [28] and cryptosporidiosis [29]),viral, bacterial &tropical sprue [30]. Helicobacteria duodenitis may cause similar clinical /or histopathological manifestations [31].Whipple disease is another infectious entity that may evoke a diagnosis ambiguity [32].…”

Section: Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Celiac Disease Diagnosis

Hashim,

Mjeed

2023

SAR J Med

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Celiac disease (CD) is the most common immune-related gastroenterology which is evoked by the ingestion of gluten peptides found in several types of grains, a condition that rises up both intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations. Multiple disease may simulate the CD both in the clinical or pathological diagnosis. This issue should be remembered in dealing with suspicious patients having CD. This article focuses on the main pathologies that may pose similarities with CD.

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Role of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Stool and Duodenal Biopsy for Diagnosis of Giardiasis in Patients with Persistent/Chronic Diarrhea

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Postinfection Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Postinfection Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Molecular appraisal of Giardia intestinalis from Western India: A prospective observational study

Challenges in Celiac Disease Diagnosis

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