2010
DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181e1a114
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Role of Postnatal Acquisition of the Intestinal Microbiome in the Early Development of Immune Function

Abstract: Objectives Therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics is a common practice for premature infants. This treatment can reduce the biodiversity of the fecal microbiota and may be a factor in the cause of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In contrast, probiotic treatment of premature infants reduces the incidence of NEC. We hypothesized that one mechanism for these observations is the influence of bacteria on postnatal development of the mucosal immune system. Methods Expression of immune molecules and microbial sen… Show more

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Cited by 86 publications
(67 citation statements)
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“…As glucocorticoids can have an immune-suppressive effect on immune function parameters (Marques et al, 2010), this can result in a suppressed immune response in the infant. Finally, the infant intestinal microbiota, that plays an important role in the development of immunity, may be involved (Dimmitt et al, 2010). Maternal microbes, Figure 3.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As glucocorticoids can have an immune-suppressive effect on immune function parameters (Marques et al, 2010), this can result in a suppressed immune response in the infant. Finally, the infant intestinal microbiota, that plays an important role in the development of immunity, may be involved (Dimmitt et al, 2010). Maternal microbes, Figure 3.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Supportive of this, a low expression of TLRs was similarly seen also after early life antibiotic treatment. 27 Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 γ (Reg3γ) is an antimicrobial peptide produced by intestinal paneth cells upon TLR stimulation, 28 and not surprising, Reg3γ was expressed in a similar pattern as the TLRs. In contrast to Olszak et al, 24 the expression of CXCL16 was actually less in the intestine of the GF and late colonized ex-GF mice than in the SPF mice, but these data were generated on ileal and not colonic samples.…”
Section: Microbial Variation and Host Phenotypementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Given the wide spread use of antibiotics in the outpatient pediatric population, it is important to discuss some of the association between childhood antibiotic exposure and alterations of the gut microbiome. Antibiotics can induce an atopy-prone state by promoting an increase in the Th2 phenotype [37,38]. Even particular antibiotics show certain associations in relation to the gut microbiome, such as metronidazole, which decreases mucin secretion and intestinal barrier integrity by reducing the expression of the MUC2 gene [39].…”
Section: The Role Of the Gut Microbiome In Immune System Developmentmentioning
confidence: 99%