Role of Renal Sinus Adipose Tissue in Obesity-induced Renal Injury

Irazabal, María V.; Eirin, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.11.002

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, reductions in VAT volume were not accompanied by reductions in renal sinus fat accumulation. An increasing number of studies suggest, that renal sinus fat plays an important role in obesity-induced renal injury [39] which could be diagnosed and linked with early biomarkers of kidney injury [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal and renal sinus fat volumes as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes, and normal glucose tolerance

Notohamiprodjo

Goepfert

Will³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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We hypothesize that MRI-based renal compartment volumes, particularly renal sinus fat as locally and potentially independently acting perivascular fat tissue, increase with glucose intolerance. We therefore analyze the distribution of renal volumes in individuals with normal glucose levels and prediabetic and diabetic individuals and investigate potential associations with other typical cardiometabolic biomarkers. Material and methods The sample comprised N = 366 participants who were either normoglycemic (N = 230), had prediabetes (N = 87) or diabetes (N = 49), as determined by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. Other covariates were obtained by standardized measurements and interviews. Wholebody MR measurements were performed on a 3 Tesla scanner. For assessment of the kidneys, a coronal T1w dual-echo Dixon and a coronal T2w single shot fast spin echo sequence were employed. Stepwise semi-automated segmentation of the kidneys on the Dixon-sequences was based on thresholding and geometric assumptions generating volumes for the kidneys and sinus fat. Inter-and intra-reader variability were determined on a subset of 40 subjects. Associations between glycemic status and renal volumes were evaluated by linear regression models, adjusted for other potential confounding variables. Furthermore, the association of renal volumes with visceral adipose tissue was assessed by linear regression models and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal and renal sinus fat volumes as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes, and normal glucose tolerance

Notohamiprodjo

Goepfert

Will³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…Indeed, renal sinus fat thickness has been associated with increased likelihood of hypertension and CKD (Foster et al, 2011). Renal sinus fat is typically located at the medial border of the kidney, surrounding the hilum and separated from renal parenchyma by a reflection of the external capsule (Irazabal & Eirin, 2016).…”

Section: Renal Sinus Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of different ectopic fat depots on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Ferrara

Montecucco

Dallegri

2019

Journal Cellular Physiology

148

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A growing body of evidence is pointing out the pathophysiological role of fat accumulation in different organs. Ectopic fat depots within heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and pancreas as well as around blood vessels might be more associated to cardiometabolic risk than classical variables, such as body mass index.Among different mechanisms, lipid metabolism appears to be particularly influenced by ectopic fat depots. Indeed, intracellular accumulation of nonesterified fatty acids, and triglycerides promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial uncoupling, oxidative stress, and altered membrane composition/function, finally promoting inflammatory response and cell death. The dysfunctional adipose tissue was shown to induce both local and systemic effects, with relevant clinical consequences. Epicardial fat and myocardial steatosis have been associated with the development of atrial fibrillation and ventricular dysfunction. Similarly perivascular adipose tissue appears to trigger atherosclerosis and hypertension. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been recognized both as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and as a cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Importantly, the renal sinus fat emerged as a potential player in kidney dysfunction. Finally, both skeletal muscle and pancreatic fat depots have been indicated as potential endocrine modulators of insulin resistance.Considering the global rise in the prevalence of obesity, the understanding of mechanisms underlying ectopic fat accumulation represents an urgent need, with potential clinical implications for CV risk stratification. Here, we attempt to update the current knowledge of the different ectopic fat depots, focusing on underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications.

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“…Fat accumulation in the kidney is mainly observed in the renal sinus [ 8 ]. This fat accumulation is associated with an increased risk of hypertension [ 9 ] and chronic kidney disease [ 8 , 10 , 11 ]. Ectopic fat depositions in the pancreas and heart are now highlighted, but the effects of these fat accumulations on organ-specific function and their pathophysiological significance are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Fat Accumulation in Pancreas and Heart

Kozawa

Shimomura

2021

JCM

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Ectopic fat is found in liver, muscle, and kidney and is known to accumulate as visceral fat. In recent years, ectopic fat has also been observed in the pancreas, and it has been said that pancreatic fat accumulation is related to the pathophysiology of diabetes and the onset of diabetes, but the relationship has not yet been determined. In the heart, epicardium fat is another ectopic fat, which is associated with the development of coronary artery disease. Ectopic fat is also observed in the myocardium, and diabetic patients have more fat accumulation in this tissue than nondiabetic patients. Myocardium fat is reported to be related to diastolic cardiac dysfunction, which is one of the characteristics of the complications observed in diabetic patients. We recently reported that ectopic fat accumulation was observed in coronary arteries of a type 2 diabetic patient with intractable coronary artery disease, and coronary artery is attracting attention as a new tissue of ectopic fat accumulation. Here, we summarize the latest findings focusing on the relationship between ectopic fat accumulation in these organs and diabetic pathophysiology and complications, then describe the possibility of future treatments targeting these ectopic fat accumulations.

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Role of Renal Sinus Adipose Tissue in Obesity-induced Renal Injury

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Renal and renal sinus fat volumes as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes, and normal glucose tolerance

Renal and renal sinus fat volumes as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes, and normal glucose tolerance

Impact of different ectopic fat depots on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Ectopic Fat Accumulation in Pancreas and Heart

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