“…The present findings in terms of self-construal support the related notion that researchers ensured positive linkages with the learning process from various dimensions and perspectives across the world (Cross et al, 2000, 2011; Fry et al, 2008; Gorham & Christophel, 1992; Hattie, 1999; Lund Dean & Jolly, 2012; Ma & Li, 2023; Mahu, 2012). Similarly, several studies support and validate our findings showing consistency with our results in terms of demotivation, disengagement, and learning process of the students from various dimensions and perspectives across the world (Çankaya, 2018; Cocea & Weibelzahl, 2010; Kızıltepe, 2008; Lund Dean & Jolly, 2012; Unal & Yanpar Yelken, 2016; Vidak & Sindik, 2018; J. Wang & Pan, 2022; S.…”