Role of Root Temperature on Shoot Growth of Two Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars<sup>1</sup>

Aldous, D. E.; Kaufmann, John E.

doi:10.2134/agronj1979.00021962007100040006x

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although no studies specifically reporting these kinds of carbohydrate changes have been done for native grasses, including rough fescue, there are indications that Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), growing under controlled conditions and exposed to constant moderate temperature increases (i.e., 26 o C), may enhance carbohydrate use and subsequent shoot growth For personal use only. (Aldous and Kaufmann 1979). Notably, the temperature found to be stimulatory in the aforementioned study is considerably lower than the temperature documented here, although there are differences in both the nature of the heat treatments and their duration.…”

Section: Tiller Leaf Growth In Response To Temperature and Exposure Timecontrasting

confidence: 49%

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Bogen¹,

Bork²,

Willms³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2002. Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 721-729. Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) is an ecologically and economically important native plant species within grasslands of southwest Alberta. This is also a region where wildfires have become prevalent over the past decade. While the risk of long-term damage from fire may be determined by the susceptibility of rough fescue to heat injury, understanding the additive stress imposed by defoliation may assist in the development of grazing strategies facilitating rangeland recovery. Three laboratory studies were conducted to assess rough fescue sensitivity to heat stress, including the added impact of subsequent defoliation. Results indicated that fescue tillers were capable of withstanding temperatures of 60°C, but only for short periods (i.e., 16 s or less). At lower temperatures, a distinct interaction between exposure time and temperature was evident, with shorter times at greater temperatures causing similar reductions in growth as long exposure times at low temperatures. Decreased plant vigour, as evidenced by lower tiller numbers, resulted from defoliation coinciding with active regrowth, reinforcing the notion that rough fescue is sensitive to defoliation following heat stress. The greatest detrimental impact occurred with relatively longer periods of deferment (8 wk) until defoliation following exposure to heat treatment. These results have implications for the recovery and conservation of burned rough fescue rangeland. dans les prairies du sud-ouest de l'Alberta. Durant la dernière décennie, cette région a souvent été dévastée par le feu. Même si l'on peut déterminer les risques de dommages à long terme dus au feu d'après la sensibilité de la fétuque scabre au stress thermique, comprendre les effets supplémentaires du stress venant de la défoliation faciliterait l'élabora-tion de stratégies de paissance qui concourront au rétablissement des grands parcours. Les auteurs ont effectué trois études en laboratoire afin d'évaluer la sensibilité de la fétuque scabre au stress thermique, y compris l'impact supplémentaire de la défoliation. Les résultats indiquent que les talles de fétuque résistent à une température de 60°C, mais uniquement pendant une brève période (à savoir, 16 secondes ou moins). À plus basse température, on note une autre interaction entre la durée d'exposition et la température, une période d'exposition plus courte à température élevée entraînant une baisse de croissance similaire à celle d'une longue période d'exposition à faible température. La perte de vigueur des plantes, comme le prouve le nombre réduit de talles, vient de la défoliation, qui coïncide avec la repousse, ce qui confirme la notion que la fétuque scabre est sensible à la défoliation après un stress thermique. Le pire impact survient quand la défoliation est relativement retardée (8 semaines) après l'exposition au stress thermique. Ces résultats ont des implications au niveau du rétablissement et de la conservation des...

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Section: Tiller Leaf Growth In Response To Temperature and Exposure Timecontrasting

confidence: 49%

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Bogen¹,

Bork²,

Willms³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The indicated that the higher level of WSC in drought‐preconditioned plants contributed to higher osmotic adjustment with the prolonged heat stress. The accumulation of WSC in shoots with increasing high temperature has been observed in a tolerant cultivar of Kentucky bluegrass (Aldous and Kaufmann, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Deep rooting facilitates extraction of soil moisture from deeper soil profiles (Morgan and Condon, 1986; Tangpremsri et al, 1991). Higher WSC accumulation in roots could be beneficial for the maintenance of cell turgor and root penetration deeper into the soil profile (Sharp et al, 1990), and also associated with heat tolerance (Aldous and Kaufmann, 1979). Therefore, deeper root system and larger amount of WSC content could contribute to heat tolerance caused by drought‐preconditioning in Kentucky bluegrass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic Adjustment and Root Growth Associated with Drought Preconditioning‐Enhanced Heat Tolerance in Kentucky Bluegrass

Jiang

Huang

2001

Crop Science

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Prior exposure to drought stress (drought preconditioning) affects turfgrass tolerance to subsequent heat stress. The study was designed to examine whether these effects for Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) are associated with osmotic adjustment and root growth. Plants were subjected to two cycles of drying and rewatering, and turf quality was then allowed to recover to the well watered control level before being exposed to 21 d of heat stress (35°C/30°C) in growth chambers. Compared with nonpreconditioned plants, drought‐preconditioned plants had 13 and 21% higher turf quality, 6 and 10% higher leaf relative water content, and 17 and 48% higher osmotic adjustment at 14 and 21 d of heat stress, respectively. Total ion (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Ma2+, Cl−, and P) concentration of cell sap increased during heat stress and was 11 to 16% higher in drought‐preconditioned plants than nonpreconditioned plants. The concentration of K+ accounted for 59 to 65% of total ion solutes in both groups of plants during heat stress. Soluble carbohydrate content (WSC) of leaves increased during heat stress and was about 21 and 44% higher in drought‐preconditioned plants than nonpreconditioned plants at 14 and 21 d, respectively. Heat stress decreased root dry weight (DW) and WSC, but significant higher DW and WSC content of roots in the 40–60 cm soil layer were observed for preconditioned plants than nonpreconditioned plants before and after heat stress. The results demonstrated that drought preconditioning enhanced heat tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass, which could be related to the maintenance of higher osmotic adjustment associated with accumulation of ion solutes and water soluble carbohydrates and development of extensive roots deeper in the soil profile.

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“…(Beard, 1973). Root growth of Kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis L.) was inhibited as soil temperature increased to 25°C (Aldous and Kaufmann, 1979). Root growth and initiation in creeping bentgrass stopped when soil temperature was above 25°C (Lucas, 1995; Beard and Sifers, 1997; Huang et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth and Physiological Responses of Creeping Bentgrass to Changes in Air and Soil Temperatures

2000

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in roots (Kuroyannagi and Paulsen, 1988). Direct injury to roots by high soil temperatures could well be the High air or soil temperature is a major factor limiting growth of initial factor in high temperature responses of plants.cool-season grasses during summer months in the transition zone and warm climate regions. Knowledge of how cool-season grasses respond Reducing soil temperature by any means may allevito differential high air and soil temperatures would facilitate our ate or prevent the summer bentgrass decline problem. understanding of heat tolerance mechanisms. The objectives of thisReducing root-zone temperature has been shown to study were to compare the influence of air versus soil temperature increase root growth, export of cytokinin from roots, on turf quality, physiological activities, and root growth of creeping leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, protein synthebentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds. cv. Penncross), and to investigate sis, and shoot growth in several plant species (Skene whether shoot and root growth could be improved by reducing soil and Kerridge, 1967; Feierabend and Mikus, 1977; Altemperature at high air temperatures. Shoots and roots were exposed dous and Kaufmann, 1979;Martin et al., 1985; Kuroya-to four air/soil temperature regimes (20/20, 20/35, 35/20, and 35/35؇C) nagi and Paulsen, 1988; Graves et al., 1991; Clarck and for 56 d in growth chambers. High soil (20/35؇C) and high air/soil Reinhard, 1991; Udomprasert et al., 1995;Ziska, 1998).(35/35؇C) temperatures reduced canopy photosynthetic rate (P n ), turf quality, and the number of roots. High air/soil temperatures also State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506-5506. Received 23 Sept. 1999. *Corresponding author (bhuang@oz.oznet.ksu.edu).Abbreviations: Fv/Fm, photochemical efficiency; LSD, least significance difference; P n , canopy photosynthetic rate.

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Role of Root Temperature on Shoot Growth of Two Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars¹

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Osmotic Adjustment and Root Growth Associated with Drought Preconditioning‐Enhanced Heat Tolerance in Kentucky Bluegrass

Growth and Physiological Responses of Creeping Bentgrass to Changes in Air and Soil Temperatures

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Role of Root Temperature on Shoot Growth of Two Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars1

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Rough fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) response to heat injury

Osmotic Adjustment and Root Growth Associated with Drought Preconditioning‐Enhanced Heat Tolerance in Kentucky Bluegrass

Growth and Physiological Responses of Creeping Bentgrass to Changes in Air and Soil Temperatures

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Role of Root Temperature on Shoot Growth of Two Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars¹