Role of salinity in clathrate hydrate based processes

Kumar, Asheesh; Palodkar, Avinash V.; Gautam, Rupali; Choudhary, Nilesh; Veluswamy, Hari Prakash; Kumar, Sanat

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104811

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Seawater mainly contains dissolved salts, especially sodium chloride (NaCl) . However, NaCl is a well-known thermodynamic gas hydrate inhibitor, which alters the phase equilibrium curve of hydrate formation to higher pressures and lower temperatures. , It has been reposted that NaCl and potassium chloride significantly decreased the kinetics of methane hydrate formation compared to pure water. , Thus, the development of effective and bio-based gas hydrate promoters for seawater or saline water is critical to lower dependence on large amounts of fresh water and increase the economic feasibility of SNG technology. ,, The effect of ACD2 and ACD10 (hydrophilic amino acids) and ACD5, ACD6, and ACD8 (hydrophobic amino acids) on the kinetics of methane hydrate formation in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution at 500 ppm is shown in Figure and Table . The inhibition effect of NaCl on the formation of methane hydrate is obviously reflected in the induction time of the hydrate nucleation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

et al. 2023

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Although anionic surfactants are considered the most efficient kinetic gas hydrate promoters for gas storage applications, gas recovery and reuse of surfactants are difficult due to high foam formation during hydrate melting. Additionally, most anionic surfactants are toxic, which has an intense environmental effect. In this study, novel amino acid derivatives (ACDs) were developed as the first class of superior promoters compared to surfactants without foaming during the formation and recovery of gas hydrates. The results of high-pressure autoclave experiments indicated that all ACDs significantly enhanced the kinetics of methane hydrate formation at 500 ppm. ACD5 derived from leucine showed the best promotion effect in distilled water by providing a total mole consumption of 436.1 mmol. ACD5 increased the degree of water-to-hydrate conversion from 39.6% in pure water to 94.3%, which was higher than in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution (87.8%). Moreover, differential scanning calorimetry experiments demonstrated that ACDs could form methane hydrates at relatively lower temperatures than pure water. They increased the onset temperature of methane hydrate formation from −15 °C in pure water to −12 °C at 500 ppm. A higher promotion activity than SDS was also observed for ACDs in salt water, suggesting that seawater can be used to produce methane hydrate instead of pure water to reduce gas storage costs. Besides, visual observations revealed that no foam was formed during melting hydrates and releasing methane in the presence of ACDs. These findings show that a slight modification of amino acids makes them efficient candidates for improving gas hydrate formation for seawater desalination and gas storage applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

et al. 2023

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“…The gas uptake in silica packed columns is found to be higher than gas uptake in stirred vessels with bulk water. Researchers revealed that a decrease in particle size improves interconnections between pores, thus facilitating a heterogeneous nucleation site for hydrate formation. − Moreover, the rate of hydrate formation is also significantly reduced in the presence of salinity, as it negatively affects the kinetics of hydrate formation, decreasing the conversion rate by 6 times and reducing the rate of hydrate formation by a significant margin. ,, In a study by Dai et al, it was demonstrated that adding minerals with different interfacial properties to the solution could shorten the hydrate induction time and enhance their formation rates. Wettability and capillary forces were observed to influence crystal morphologies and growth kinetics inside the porous media. , In a laboratory setting, various porous media, such as kaolinite, quartz, silica sand, calcite, CaCO 3 and carbon, were tested to study the formation and dissociation kinetics of hydrates.…”

Section: Effect Of Salinity and Porous Media On Co2 Hydrate Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Sustainable Large-Scale CO₂ Sequestration through Hydrates in Offshore Basins: Ab Initio Comprehensive Analysis of Subsea Parameters and Economic Perspective

Kumar

Sangwai

2023

Energy Fuels

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Immediate measures are required to tackle global warming and climate change that may require the storage of enormous quantities of anthropogenic CO2 in geological and oceanic reservoirs. In terrestrial storage sites, CO2 is buoyant due to the subsurface temperature profile. Therefore, if the reservoir is not adequately sealed, stored CO2 can escape from geological formations. Alternatively, oceanic sequestration has immense potential to facilitate long-term sequestration of CO2 beneath the seafloor, thereby assisting the wider scientific and industrial community to make the world carbon neutral. There is a far-reaching scope for discussion in this aspect that will open up new avenues for future developments in this area. This article discusses the long-term viability, environmental sustainability and economic potential of CO2 sequestration in the form of hydrates into oceanic and subsea sediments. Analysis shows that at above 2800 m depth, CO2 is denser than seawater, which offers an additional gravitation barrier for CO2 to escape. This article offers an in-depth analysis of CO2 sequestration conditions, along with challenges and outlook with relevance to hydrate-based CO2 sequestration in oceanic conditions. Moreover, the crucial role of negative buoyancy and hydrate-forming zones (NBZ/HFZs) and analysis of depth criterion in oceanic conditions have been highlighted. The review also envisages that sequestration in NBZ region offers stable storage for years even in geological perturbation and earthquakes; however the depth of HFZ and NBZ regions depends on sedimentary type, storage conditions, temperature and pressure.

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“…Therefore, the presence of high-chargedensity anions (water-loving anions) retards the hydrate formation. 42 Hence, evaluating various anions along with a shorter chain length cation can be an interesting study and will help us further on the tunability of ILs as promoter or inhibitor.…”

Section: Comparison Based On Hydrate Growth Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Effect of Ionic Liquids and Quaternary Ammonium Salts on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate

Gupta

Mondal

Gardas

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This study investigates the kinetics of gas hydrate (methane gas) in the presence of Ionic Liquids (ILs) and organic Quaternary Ammonium Salts (QASs). Aqueous solutions of eight ILs (five aromatic ILs and three aliphatic ILs) and three QASs have been studied for the kinetics of methane hydrate formation. In this study, five aromatic-based ILs with cations, viz., 1-hexyl-3methylimidazolium, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium, and anions such as [Br] − , [Cl] − , and [HSO 4 ] − were selected. Three aliphatic ILs with cations, viz., diethylammonium, tripropylammonium, and tributylammonium, attached with the [HSO 4 ] − anion were also selected. In the case of QASs, varying carbon chain lengths such as tetra-n-methyl-, tetra-nethyl-, and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TMAB, TEAB, TBAB) have been considered for the study. The kinetics of methane hydrate formation were investigated at a pressure of 7.5 MPa and a temperature of 276.15 K in the presence of aqueous solutions of QASs at 0.05 mf (mass fraction) and 0.1 mf concentrations and ILs at 0.01 mf. The results show that 0.05 mf of TBAB assists the methane hydrate to nucleate very rapidly and enhances the rate of growth. Hence, TBAB at 0.05 mf is observed to be most promising for gas storage and gas separation/processing among all investigated QASs. TMAB and TEAB have shown slow kinetics; therefore, their presence in a gas hydrate system may not aid in hydrate gas storage/gas separation applications; nevertheless, they could be used as an inhibitor for the prevention of hydrates in systems where other inhibitors may become unsuitable. The aqueous solution of aromatic-based ILs generally shows hydrate promotion, except for shorter chain lengths. The shorter chain length of ionic liquid with suitable anion (Cl − ) behaved as a hydrate as the inhibitor and with Br − as the promoter. In general, a bigger cation acts as a good nucleating agent. The anion [HSO 4 ] − is common in both the categories of ILs (aromatic and aliphatic), and it looks like the hydrate inhibition (no hydrate formation) may have occurred due to its presence. ILs offer more scope to understand the tunability of cations and anions to derive a better solution for gas hydrate inhibition and promotion, which have more applications in the ares of methane storage and transportation.

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Role of salinity in clathrate hydrate based processes

Cited by 27 publications

References 157 publications

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

Environmentally Sustainable Large-Scale CO₂ Sequestration through Hydrates in Offshore Basins: Ab Initio Comprehensive Analysis of Subsea Parameters and Economic Perspective

Investigation on the Effect of Ionic Liquids and Quaternary Ammonium Salts on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate

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Role of salinity in clathrate hydrate based processes

Cited by 27 publications

References 157 publications

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

Novel Amino Acid Derivatives for Efficient Methane Solidification Storage via Clathrate Hydrates without Foam Formation

Environmentally Sustainable Large-Scale CO2 Sequestration through Hydrates in Offshore Basins: Ab Initio Comprehensive Analysis of Subsea Parameters and Economic Perspective

Investigation on the Effect of Ionic Liquids and Quaternary Ammonium Salts on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate

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Environmentally Sustainable Large-Scale CO₂ Sequestration through Hydrates in Offshore Basins: Ab Initio Comprehensive Analysis of Subsea Parameters and Economic Perspective