Role of Serotonin in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Dijk, Addy van; Klompmakers, A.A.; Denys, Damiaan

doi:10.2217/14796708.3.5.589

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…The medullary raphe is believed to be the final output nucleus for the generation of cutaneous vasoconstrictor drive through two mechanisms: a serotonergic pathway that activates 5-HT2A receptors located on sympathetic preganglionic neurones, and a glutamatergic pathway ( Ootsuka and Tanaka 2015 ). Individuals with mood disorders, including major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder and panic disorder, have been shown to have disruptions in their serotonergic pathways ( Maron and Shlik 2005 ; Van Dijk et al. 2008 ; Lin et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in control of skin sympathetic nerve activity in humans

et al. 2023

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The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is primarily involved in higher order executive functions, with there being evidence of lateralization. Brain imaging studies have revealed its link to the generation of skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA), which is elevated in states of emotional arousal or anxiety. However, no studies have directly explored dlPFC influences on SSNA. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (−2 to 2 mA, 0.08 Hz, 100 cycles) was applied between the left or right dlPFC and nasion via surface electrodes. Spontaneous bursts of SSNA were recorded from the common peroneal nerve via a tungsten microelectrode in 21 healthy participants. The modulation index was calculated for each stimulation paradigm by constructing cross-correlation histograms between SSNA and the sinusoidal stimulus. Stimulation of the dlPFC caused significant modulation of SSNA, but there was no significant difference in the median modulation index across sides. Stimulation also caused cyclic modulation of skin blood flow and sweat release. We have shown for the first time that stimulation of the dlPFC causes modulation of SSNA, also reflected in the effector-organ responses. This supports a role for the dlPFC in the control of SSNA, which likely contributes to the ability of emotions to bring about cutaneous vasoconstriction and sweat release.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in control of skin sympathetic nerve activity in humans

et al. 2023

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“…In mechanistic relevance, we can mention the serotonergic pathway that is involved in OCD patients, In this regard, there are neuro-imaging results that express lower 5-HT transporter accessibility in addition to higher 5-HTT availability. There is an incidental clue that the 5-HT2A receptor might be of a special contribution to OCD (23). A decline in serotonin levels in the central nervous system is related to urinary frequency and bladder contractions, while stimulation of the central serotonergic system with a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor reduces reflex bladder contractions and elevates the urine volume brink in animal studies (18,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Overactive Bladder Syndrome

Allameh

Motamed

Poury

et al. 2021

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome correlates with mental disorders, especially depressive disorders and anxiety disorders, and less frequently obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and occurs mostly in older people. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more frequent in OAB patients. Most OCD people are diagnosed at the age of about 19, typically with an earlier age of onset in boys than in girls, but the onset after age 35 does occur less frequently. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between OCD and OAB. Methods: In this case-control study, 1,160 cases who were over 18 years old who were referred to the urodynamic clinic of Shohada-e-Tajrish center from June 2013 to February 2018 in Tehran, Iran, enrolled of whom 580 were considered the control group who were non-OAB patients, and 580 subjects were considered the case group who were OAB patients. The diagnosis of OAB was confirmed by a single urologist. All cases had detrusor overactivity (DO) in urodynamic study (UDS). The OAB-validated 8-questionnaire screen test (OAB-V8) was conducted, and the diagnosis of OCD was confirmed by a single psychiatrist according to DSM-5 criteria. Moreover, the Yale-Brown questionnaire was completed for each patient to rate the severity of OCD symptoms. Results: About the Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) total score, there is a significant difference between patients with obsessive traits and the control group (P < 0.001). OCD scores were significantly higher in the OAB group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the population of the studied patients with OAB was more probable to have OCD than non-OAB control subjects in aged classified groups (OR: 6.23; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that OAB patients reported higher obsessive-compulsive scores (Y-BOCS) compared to the controls. There is an independent correlation between OCD and OAB. However, the linkage between OCD and OAB justifies the need for more research.

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“…Similar alterations of 5-HT and DA function are also found in other reward-related disorders like OCD, although the exact mechanisms and the interactions between these and other neurotransmitter systems are not clarified yet [ 61 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is deep brain stimulation a treatment option for anorexia nervosa?

et al. 2013

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high rates of morbidity, comorbidity and mortality, which in a subset of patients (21%) takes on a chronic course. Since an evidence based treatment for AN is scarce, it is crucial to investigate new treatment options, preferably focused on influencing the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of AN. The objective of the present paper was to review the evidence for possible neurobiological correlates of AN, and to hypothesize about potential targets for Deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment for chronic, therapy-refractory AN. One avenue for exploring new treatment options based on the neurobiological correlates of AN, is the search for symptomatologic and neurobiologic parallels between AN and other compulsivity- or reward-related disorders. As in other compulsive disorders, the fronto-striatal circuitry, in particular the insula, the ventral striatum (VS) and the prefrontal, orbitofrontal, temporal, parietal and anterior cingulate cortices, are likely to be implicated in the neuropathogenesis of AN. In this paper we will review the few available cases in which DBS has been performed in patients with AN (either as primary diagnosis or as comorbid condition). Given the overlap in symptomatology and neurocircuitry between reward-related disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and AN, and the established efficacy of accumbal DBS in OCD, we hypothesize that DBS of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and other areas associated with reward, e.g. the anterior cingulated cortex (ACC), might be an effective treatment for patients with chronic, treatment refractory AN, providing not only weight restoration, but also significant and sustained improvement in AN core symptoms and associated comorbidities and complications. Possible targets for DBS in AN are the ACC, the ventral anterior limb of the capsula interna (vALIC) and the VS. We suggest conducting larger efficacy studies that also explore the functional effects of DBS in AN.

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Role of Serotonin in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

The role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in control of skin sympathetic nerve activity in humans

The role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in control of skin sympathetic nerve activity in humans

Relationship between Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Overactive Bladder Syndrome

Is deep brain stimulation a treatment option for anorexia nervosa?

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