Role of silicon in diatom metabolism

Darley, W. Marshall; Volcani, Benjamin E.

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(69)90514-x

Cited by 215 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Silicon is required for cell wall synthesis and growth in most diatoms, and silicon starvation also induces growth arrest and the formation of lipid droplets (Shifrin & Chisholm, 1981; Roessler, 1988; Traller & Hildebrand, 2013). In contrast to nitrogen starvation (Gasch et al ., 2000; Hockin et al ., 2012; Bender et al ., 2014), silicon starvation has little effect on overall metabolic activities, making it a unique approach to distinguish between cell cycle arrest and secondary effects that arise during nutrient limitation (Darley & Volcani, 1969; Claquin et al ., 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript level coordination of carbon pathways during silicon starvation‐induced lipid accumulation in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

et al. 2016

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Summary Diatoms are one of the most productive and successful photosynthetic taxa on Earth and possess attributes such as rapid growth rates and production of lipids, making them candidate sources of renewable fuels. Despite their significance, few details of the mechanisms used to regulate growth and carbon metabolism are currently known, hindering metabolic engineering approaches to enhance productivity.To characterize the transcript level component of metabolic regulation, genome‐wide changes in transcript abundance were documented in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana on a time‐course of silicon starvation. Growth, cell cycle progression, chloroplast replication, fatty acid composition, pigmentation, and photosynthetic parameters were characterized alongside lipid accumulation.Extensive coordination of large suites of genes was observed, highlighting the existence of clusters of coregulated genes as a key feature of global gene regulation in T. pseudonana. The identity of key enzymes for carbon metabolic pathway inputs (photosynthesis) and outputs (growth and storage) reveals these clusters are organized to synchronize these processes.Coordinated transcript level responses to silicon starvation are probably driven by signals linked to cell cycle progression and shifts in photophysiology. A mechanistic understanding of how this is accomplished will aid efforts to engineer metabolism for development of algal‐derived biofuels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript level coordination of carbon pathways during silicon starvation‐induced lipid accumulation in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

et al. 2016

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“…Cultures of each were grown to high cell density in artificial sea water medium (Darley and Volcani 1969), harvested, and cell wall silica was extracted by repeated hot sulfuric/nitric acid treatment (Reimann et al 1965) until the material was colorless. The silica was washed in 1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, and twice in water prior to drying under vacuum.…”

Section: Growth Of Species and Silica Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Optical Properties of Nanostructured Silica from Diatoms

Hildebrand¹,

Palenik²

2003

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“…Among the algae, Si is essential for diatoms and other members of the yellow-brown or golden algae (34,35). The beautiful "frustules" of diatoms consist of silica, SiO2rnH2O (36)(37)(38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%