Role of stranded gas in increasing global gas supplies

Abstract

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Economic and environmental potentials for natural gas to enhance biomass-to-liquid fuels technologies

“…29 The stranded NG reserve is defined as NG discovered in conventional gas and oil fields that is not commercially producible and is estimated to be 2612 trillion cubic feet in the world (outside North America). 31 Furthermore, another possibility envisioned for GtL technologies is the opportunity to monetize smaller volumes of gas (<25 MM standard cubic feet per day [scfpd] of gas), which may be applied in a cost-effective conversion of NG streams to valuable products. The small-scale GtL process provides an alternative opportunity when combined with biomass gasification, instead of being flared.…”

Combined heat and power - optimal power flow based on thermodynamic model with associated petroleum and wet gas utilization constraints

“…Associated petroleum gas (APG) is natural gas that is produced as an oil field by-product. APG can be dissolved in oil or accumulated as a gas cap inside the oil reservoir [1]. In addition to APG, oil fields produce wet gas from small size/marginal gas reserves.…”

“…In addition to APG, oil fields produce wet gas from small size/marginal gas reserves. Due to the high gas processing cost and low gas quantity, wet gas and APG are used as fuel in oil field operations [1,2]. In a conventional operation, APG used to be flared.…”

Integrated Gas – Electricity Network - Combined Heat and Power Optimization with Associated Petroleum and Wet Gas Utilization Constraint

“…Aside from liquid hydrocarbon, oil exploration also produces associated petroleum gas (APG) and wet gas. APG is extracted together with oil from the reservoir, while wet gas is coming from small, marginal gas reserve which is less economical to be processed as commercial natural gas [1]. Oilfield operation involves a combined heat and power (CHP) system which produces electricity from gas turbines (GT) and steam from the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG).…”