Role of Sulphur Fertilization in Legume Crops: A Comprehensive Review

Dawar, Rakesh; Karan, Shyam; Bhardwaj, Sunil; Meena, Deepak Kumar; Padhan, Smruti Ranjan; Reddy, Kadapa Sreenivasa; Bana, R. S.

doi:10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i214033

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

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Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 1: Effects of Sulphur Supply on Plant Dry Biomass, Nitrogen Uptake, Legume N2 Fixation and Sulphur Fertiliser Requirement Determinations

Kolbe

2024

Agronomy

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Sulphur is an essential nutrient that fulfils various important functions in plants, including the formation of amino acids, proteins, chlorophyll and the support of nitrogen uptake, e.g., in legumes. The sulphur content of the atmosphere due to industrial combustion has fallen sharply in recent decades, which has ultimately led to yield and quality deficiencies on farms. In this summarised study, data from 98 sites in Europe were recorded from 1998 to 2023. The sulphur fertiliser trials were conducted on farms, and experimental stations under organic farming conditions. A total of 1169 treatment variants and 598 standard variants without S-fertilisation were analysed. Fertilisation was carried out with various sources of Sulphur in different quantities and forms, usually directly before or during crop cultivation. The amounts of plant-available S in the soil were determined at depths of 0–90 cm. Site characteristics such as Smin, Nmin, soil type, pH value, precipitation and the extent of livestock farming were recorded. A sufficient amount of data was available for each experimental aspect to quantitatively describe the influence of increasing S supply to the soil or plant species groups (permanent grassland, lucerne-clover-grass, grain legumes and cereals) from severe deficiency to oversupply. The analyses therefore focused on establishing relationships between yield responses, correlations with the nitrogen uptake of crop species and N2 fixation in legumes and the nutrient supply with plant-available sulphur. An assessment procedure was drawn up for soil supply with available sulphur that is too low (classes A, B), optimal (class C: 20–30 kg S ha−1) and too high (classes D, E). The results were also used to develop practical methods for determining fertiliser requirements for different crop species and the crop rotation in organic farming.

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Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 1: Effects of Sulphur Supply on Plant Dry Biomass, Nitrogen Uptake, Legume N2 Fixation and Sulphur Fertiliser Requirement Determinations

Kolbe

2024

Agronomy

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Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 2: Effects of S Concentration and N:S Ratio of Different Plant Parts on Dry Biomass, N-Uptake and Legume N2 Fixation

Kolbe

2024

Agronomy

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The sulphur content of the atmosphere has fallen sharply in recent decades. Due to a reduction in plant nutrition with sulphur, this has also led to a drop in the S concentrations in certain plant species over time. As a result, a lot of experimental work was carried out to remedy the emerging yield and quality deficiencies on the farms. In this summarized study, data from 98 sites in Germany and other European countries were recorded from 1998 to 2023, received from sulphur fertiliser trials carried out on farms and experimental stations under organic farming conditions. This second part of meta-analysis focuses on establishing relationships between the status of plant nutrient supply with sulphur and biomass yield responses, the nitrogen uptake of crop species and the extent of N2 fixation in legumes. The results of regression analyses based on the effect of the S concentrations and the N:S ratios of the crop species on the relative yield differences between 851 standard variants (=100%) and 1177 sulphur treatment variants. In principle, declining yield increases were determined as a result of increasing S concentrations and decreasing N:S ratios. Except in the case of grain legume young plants, both characteristics were suitable for determining corresponding limit values for yield formation. Different values were determined depending on the plant species and harvest material. In extensive comparative analyses and discussion with literature data, minimum sulphur concentrations and maximum values for N:S ratios for young plants, vegetative harvest material (straw) and grain materials are proposed to ensure optimum biomass yields of permanent grassland, lucerne–clover–grass, grain legumes and cereals for use in practice of agricultural systems of different intensities.

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Sustainable Cropping Sequences to Improve Soil Fertility and Microbiological Properties

Ankit,

Prakash,

Sheoran

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Different cropping systems and nutrient management techniques impact the microbiological characteristics of soil and nutrient availability for plants. This study assessed four cropping systems—rice–wheat, cotton–wheat, pearl millet–wheat, and pearl millet–mustard in Hisar district, Haryana, using 80 soil samples (20 from each system) collected in April 2022 after the Rabi crop harvest. The cotton–wheat system had the highest accessible nitrogen (N) at 155.9 kg ha−1, while both the cotton–wheat (59.3 kg ha−1) and rice–wheat (54.0 kg ha−1) systems had higher available sulfur (S) levels compared to pearl millet–wheat (41.2 kg ha−1). Pearl millet–wheat also showed 12.4% higher potassium (K) levels than rice–wheat. The rice–wheat system exhibited the highest phosphorus (P) concentration at 54.3 kg ha−1 and greater DTPA-extractable micronutrients. Soils from the rice–wheat system had higher DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu) and superior microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN, 54.7 mg kg−1), urease (37.9 µg NH4+-N g−1 h−1), and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA, 269.7 µg PNP g−1 h−1) compared to other systems. Canonical discriminant functions explained 88.1% of the variability among cropping systems, while principal component analysis identified available P, DTPA-extractable Zn, and Cu as key soil quality indicators, accounting for 66.9% of the variance. These insights can inform policymakers on promoting effective cropping systems and sustainable soil health in northwestern India.

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Role of Sulphur Fertilization in Legume Crops: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 1: Effects of Sulphur Supply on Plant Dry Biomass, Nitrogen Uptake, Legume N2 Fixation and Sulphur Fertiliser Requirement Determinations

Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 1: Effects of Sulphur Supply on Plant Dry Biomass, Nitrogen Uptake, Legume N2 Fixation and Sulphur Fertiliser Requirement Determinations

Meta-Study on Sulphur Supply of Various Crop Species in Organic Farming Between 1998 and 2023 in European Countries—Part 2: Effects of S Concentration and N:S Ratio of Different Plant Parts on Dry Biomass, N-Uptake and Legume N2 Fixation

Sustainable Cropping Sequences to Improve Soil Fertility and Microbiological Properties

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