Role of support afferentation in control of the tonic muscle activity

Kozlovskaya, I. B.; Sayenko, Irina; Sayenko, Dimitry G.; Miller, T. F.; Khusnutdinova, Dilyara; Melnik, K.A.

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2006.08.010

Cited by 68 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In experiments reported by Koryak (2002a), the muscle force of m. triceps surae was reduced by 19% on day 7 of dry immersion. This reduction is Kozlovskaya et al (2007b) thought to be a consequence of reduced motor drive and muscle atonia, because the electrically evoked tetanic forces were not reduced (Koryak 2002a, b). Supporting this idea, Khristova et al (1986Khristova et al ( , 1988, during electromyographic studies (m. biceps brachii), observed a significant decline (up to 30%) in the propagation velocity of muscle potentials for low threshold motor units on day 3 of dry immersion, which indicated neuromotor impairment of slow muscle fibers.…”

Section: Changes In Muscle Functionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

et al. 2010

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Dry immersion, which is a ground-based model of prolonged conditions of microgravity, is widely used in Russia but is less well known elsewhere. Dry immersion involves immersing the subject in thermoneutral water covered with an elastic waterproof fabric. As a result, the immersed subject, who is freely suspended in the water mass, remains dry. For a relatively short duration, the model can faithfully reproduce most physiological effects of actual microgravity, including centralization of body fluids, support unloading, and hypokinesia. Unlike bed rest, dry immersion provides a unique opportunity to study the physiological effects of the lack of a supporting structure for the body (a phenomenon we call 'supportlessness'). In this review, we attempt to provide a detailed description of dry immersion. The main sections of the paper discuss the changes induced by long-term dry immersion in the neuromuscular and sensorimotor systems, fluid-electrolyte regulation, the cardiovascular system, metabolism, blood and immunity, respiration, and thermoregulation. The long-term effects of dry immersion are compared with those of bed rest and actual space flight. The actual and potential uses of dry immersion are discussed in the context of fundamental studies and applications for medical support during space flight and terrestrial health care.

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Section: Changes In Muscle Functionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

et al. 2010

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“…Passive countermeasures have long been employed within the Russian crew health program in the form of pressure cuffs and the 'penguin suit' that provides resistance to body segmental motions [8]. One possible passive countermeasure that has recently received increasing attention is a dynamic foot stimulator (DFS) [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle contractions in response to foot stimulation as an inflight countermeasure

2008

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“…Activation of supporting afferentation leads to decreases in muscle spasticity and restoration of movement coordination, which is linked with the development of new functional connections in the brain, promoting recovery of impaired motor stereotypes [39]. Impairments to these processes occur in conditions of prolonged immobilization (for example, after stroke, craniocerebral or spinal trauma), which are apparent clinically as subsequent development of abnormal posture and locomotion.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…Proprioceptive stimuli alter the functional properties of neurons, helping them to become polymodal and supporting their sensitivity to stimuli of different modalities [38]. The involvement of proprioceptive afferentation in controlling voluntary movements and the regulation of the ratio of the processes of excitation and inhibition in the CNS have been addressed, as has its triggering role in the development of motor impairments at different levels of the muscle analyzer [39].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Hypogravity simulation experiments with mechanical stimulation of the supporting zones of the foot demonstrated the important role of supporting afferentation in controlling the state of the spinal motor systems and regulating postural-tonic reactions, i.e., simultaneous activity of the supporting and muscular afferent systems in controlling locomotion [39,41].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Importance of Neuroplasticity and Sensorimotor Integration Processes

Екушева

Damulin

2015

Neurosci Behav Physi

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Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability and social maladaptation of patients, residual signs of stroke of different severities being seen in 65% of patients [1,2]. Data from the National Stroke Register provide evidence that only about 20% of patients surviving stroke are able to return to their former work [3]. Correctly planned rehabilitation measures are very important for this group of patients, these being effective to some extent or other in 80% of stroke patients, with spontaneous complete recovery of impaired functions in 10%; rehabilitation is ineffective in only 10% of patients [4,5]. Recent years have seen significant progress in the rehabilitation of poststroke patients. The mechanisms of compensatory processes in the central nervous system (CNS) have been actively studied with the aim of creating new methods with improved rehabilitation efficacy [6]. Use of neuroimaging and neurophysiological methods provides for studies of the processes of reorganization and plastic changes in the CNS which are accompanied by clinical functional improvements.Neuroplasticity and Sensorimotor Integration. CNS recovery after injury is built on the phenomenon of neuroplasticity, which is the ability of various CNS components to undergo reorganization due to structural changes in brain matter [7], including qualitative and quantitative neuronal rearrangements [8], and because of functional systems of the CNS, changes in the glia, and the development of new interneuronal connections [9]. Brain areas which prior to injury were not involved or had smaller roles in a particular function acquire involvement, and this reorganization is directed to compensating for the injured areas or those with which the injured areas had functional connections [10,11]. Neuroplasticity processes in the CNS operate at different levels -molecular, cellular, synaptic, and tissue, with the involvement of large groups of neurons in cortical and subcortical structures. The pattern of activation in the brain of each patient at any given moment reflects the state of reorganization of motor neural networks [12]. Performance of tasks is associated with activation of neural networks directly proportional to the complexity of the task, due to recruitment of existing but inactive elements of the functional system [13,14]; after injury, there is activation of "non-standard" primary and secondary areas of both cerebral hemispheres, these being able to carry out the functions of the injured structures [15]. These processes can occur because of a degree of multifunctionality, including the polysensory functions of CNS neurons [11], which allow them to perceive afferent stimuli of different modalities, and also because of axon growth, formation of new synapses, and increases in the activity of new parts of neural networks [7,14].Investigation of stroke patients by positron emission tomography (PET) and functional MRI scans (fMRI) have Questions of the neurorehabilitation of strokes patients are addressed. The importance of the phenomenon of neur...

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Role of support afferentation in control of the tonic muscle activity

Cited by 68 publications

References 3 publications

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

Muscle contractions in response to foot stimulation as an inflight countermeasure

Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Importance of Neuroplasticity and Sensorimotor Integration Processes

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