“…The G > C mutation correlates with the increased expression of survivin at both the transcriptional and translational levels (Yazdani et al, 2012). Several case-control studies have examined the association between the -31G > C polymorphism and the risk of cancer (Srivastava et al, 2012), including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Yang et al, 2009), esophageal cancer (Upadhyay et al, 2011), gastric cancer (Yang et al, 2009;Borges et al, 2011), hepatocellular carcinoma (Bayram et al, 2011), pancreatic cancer (Theodoropoulos et al, 2010), and urothelial carcinoma (Wang et al, 2009), but the results are controversial.…”