Role of the cell envelope stress regulators BaeR and CpxR in control of RND-type multidrug efflux pumps and transcriptional cross talk with exopolysaccharide synthesis in Erwinia amylovora

Pletzer, Daniel; Stahl, A; Oja, Anna Elisabeth; Weingart, Helge

doi:10.1007/s00203-015-1109-0

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Among the two-component signal transduction system (TCST) genes present in the E. amylovora genome, differences in expression between two apple cultivars were observed only for genes related to the motility of bacterial cells: cheA1, cheB1, cheY1 , which were up-regulated in Free Redstar, and baeR , which was down-regulated in this cultivar. baeR may play a role in the virulence of E. amylovora because its overexpression significantly increased amylovoran biosynthesis [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome analysis of a lowly virulent strain of Erwinia amylovora in shoots of two apple cultivars – susceptible and resistant to fire blight

et al. 2017

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Background Erwinia amylovora is generally considered to be a homogeneous species in terms of phenotypic and genetic features. However, strains show variation in their virulence, particularly on hosts with different susceptibility to fire blight. We applied the RNA-seq technique to elucidate transcriptome-level changes of the lowly virulent E. amylovora 650 strain during infection of shoots of susceptible (Idared) and resistant (Free Redstar) apple cultivars.ResultsThe highest number of differentially expressed E. amylovora genes between the two apple genotypes was observed at 24 h after inoculation. Six days after inoculation, only a few bacterial genes were differentially expressed in the susceptible and resistant apple cultivars. The analysis of differentially expressed gene functions showed that generally, higher expression of genes related to stress response and defence against toxic compounds was observed in Free Redstar. Also in this cultivar, higher expression of flagellar genes (FlaI), which are recognized as PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) by the innate immune systems of plants, was noted. Additionally, several genes that have not yet been proven to play a role in the pathogenic abilities of E. amylovora were found to be differentially expressed in the two apple cultivars.ConclusionsThis RNA-seq analysis generated a novel dataset describing the transcriptional response of the lowly virulent strain of E. amylovora in susceptible and resistant apple cultivar. Most genes were regulated in the same way in both apple cultivars, but there were also some cultivar-specific responses suggesting that the environment in Free Redstar is more stressful for bacteria what can be the reason of their inability to infect of this cultivar. Among genes with the highest fold change in expression between experimental combinations or with the highest transcript abundance, there are many genes without ascribed functions, which have never been tested for their role in pathogenicity. Overall, this study provides the first transcriptional profile by RNA-seq of E. amylovora during infection of a host plant and insights into the transcriptional response of this pathogen in the environments of susceptible and resistant apple plants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4251-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome analysis of a lowly virulent strain of Erwinia amylovora in shoots of two apple cultivars – susceptible and resistant to fire blight

et al. 2017

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“…The delayed Au‐dependent activation of gesABC compared with the rest of the Gol regulon (Pontel et al ., ; Perez Audero et al ., ) led us to search for additional regulatory systems controlling gesABC transcription. As mentioned in the introduction, the CpxR/CpxA two component system controls the expression of a number of RND efflux complexes, including genes which expression depends mainly on a dominant local regulator, like gesABC (Nishino et al ., ; Srinivasan et al ., ; Taylor et al ., ; Acosta et al ., ; Pletzer et al ., ). Thus, as a first approach we run a virtual footprinting, http://www.prodoric.de/vfp/ (Münch et al ., ), at the gesABC (P ges ) promoter, using a 900 bp‐long sequence that encompasses the gesABC‐golTS intergenic region, position 398574–399474 of the S .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CpxR/CpxA system contributes to Salmonella gold‐resistance by controlling the GolS‐dependent gesABC transcription

Cerminati

Giri

Mendoza

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Several regulatory systems contribute to bacterial resistance to heavy metals controlling the expression of factors required to eliminate the intoxicant and/or to repair the damage caused by it. In Salmonella, the response to Au ions is mediated by the specific metalloregulator GolS that, among other genes, controls the expression of the RND-efflux pump GesABC. In this work, we demonstrate that CpxR/CpxA, a main cell-envelope stress-responding system, promotes gesABC transcription in the presence of Au ions at neutral pH. Deletion of either cpxA or cpxR, or mutation of the CpxR-binding site identified upstream of the GolS-operator in the gesABC promoter region reduces but does not abrogate the GolS- and Au-dependent activation of gesABC. Au also triggers the activation of the CpxR/CpxA system and deletion of the cpxRA operon severely reduces survival in the presence of the toxic metal. Our results indicate that the coordinated action of GolS and CpxR/CpxA contribute to protecting the cell from severe Au damage.

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“…Because it is a high-energy phosphate compound, polyP can be used to phosphorylate the response regulators of two-component systems to regulate gene expression (Sureka et al, 2007 ). As reported previously, the two-component systems CpxR and BaeR are implicated in antibiotic resistance by regulating the efflux genes of the acr operon and mar operon (Hu et al, 2011 ; Weatherspoon-Griffin et al, 2014 ; Pletzer et al, 2015 ). We speculated that phosphorylation of BaeR or CpxR using polyP as phosphate donar to modulate expression of acrA and marA during gentamycin treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Polyphosphate Kinase Mediates Antibiotic Tolerance in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033

Chen

Wang

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) causes a variety of acute infections in its hosts, and multidrug-resistant strains present significant challenges to public health and animal husbandry. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new drug targets to control E. coli epidemics. Previous studies have reported that ppk mutants of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are more susceptible than the wild types (WTs) to stress. Therefore, we investigated the stress response to antibiotics mediated by polyphosphate kinase (PPK) in ExPEC strain PCN033. We observed that planktonic cells of a ppk knockout strain (Δppk) were more susceptible to antibiotics than was WT. However, biofilm-grown Δppk cells showed similar susceptibility to that of the WT and were more tolerant than the planktonic cells. During the planktonic lifestyle, the expression of genes involved in antibiotic tolerance (including resistance-conferring genes, and antibiotic influx, and efflux genes) did not change in the Δppk mutant without antibiotic treatment. However, the resistance-conferring gene bla and efflux genes were upregulated more in the WT than in the Δppk mutant by treatment with tazobactam. After treatment with gentamycin, the efflux genes and influx genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, more in the WT than in the Δppk mutant. The expression of genes involved in biofilm regulation also changed after treatment with tazobactam or gentamycin, and which is consistent with the results of the biofilm formation. Together, these observations indicate that PPK is important for the antibiotic stress response during the planktonic growth of ExPEC and might be a potential drug target in bacteria.

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Role of the cell envelope stress regulators BaeR and CpxR in control of RND-type multidrug efflux pumps and transcriptional cross talk with exopolysaccharide synthesis in Erwinia amylovora

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Comparative transcriptome analysis of a lowly virulent strain of Erwinia amylovora in shoots of two apple cultivars – susceptible and resistant to fire blight

Comparative transcriptome analysis of a lowly virulent strain of Erwinia amylovora in shoots of two apple cultivars – susceptible and resistant to fire blight

The CpxR/CpxA system contributes to Salmonella gold‐resistance by controlling the GolS‐dependent gesABC transcription

Polyphosphate Kinase Mediates Antibiotic Tolerance in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033

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