Role of the circulation on the anthropogenic CO2 inventory in the North-East Atlantic: A climatological analysis

Carracedo, Lidia I.; Pérez, Fíz F.; Gilcoto, Miguel; Velo, A.; Padín, A.; Rosón, Gabriel

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2018.01.009

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…South of the study zone, in the Gulf of Cadiz region (Fig. 2), the downwelling of central waters with high C ant concentrations and the subsequent formation of MW exports C ant to the Northeast Atlantic 31 . This convection of the anthropic signal at mid-depths is then advected, spreading acidified waters to the North Atlantic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Northeast Atlantic is running out of excess carbonate in the horizon of cold-water corals communities

Fontela

Pérez

Carracedo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The oceanic uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by human activities alters the seawater carbonate system. Here, the chemical status of the Northeast Atlantic is examined by means of a high-quality database of carbon variables based on the GO-SHIP A25 section (1997–2018). The increase of atmospheric CO2 leads to an increase in ocean anthropogenic carbon (Cant) and a decrease in carbonate that is unequivocal in the upper and mid-layers (0–2,500 m depth). In the mid-layer, the carbonate content in the Northeast Atlantic is maintained by the interplay between the northward spreading of recently conveyed Mediterranean Water with excess of carbonate and the arrival of subpolar-origin waters close to carbonate undersaturation. In this study we show a progression to undersaturation with respect to aragonite that could compromise the conservation of the habitats and ecosystem services developed by benthic marine calcifiers inhabiting that depth-range, such as the cold-water corals (CWC) communities. For each additional ppm in atmospheric pCO2 the waters surrounding CWC communities lose carbonate at a rate of − 0.17 ± 0.02 μmol kg−1 ppm−1. The accomplishment of global climate policies to limit global warming below 1.5–2 ℃ will avoid the exhaustion of excess carbonate in the Northeast Atlantic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Northeast Atlantic is running out of excess carbonate in the horizon of cold-water corals communities

Fontela

Pérez

Carracedo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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A carbonate system time series in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Two years of high-frequency in-situ observations and remote sensing

Frangoulis,

Stamataki,

Pettas

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The rate of ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 has declined over the past decade, so a critical question for science and policy is whether the ocean will continue to act as a sink. Large areas of the ocean remain without observations for carbonate system variables, and oceanic CO2 observations have declined since 2017. The Mediterranean Sea is one such an area, especially its eastern part, where there is a paucity of carbonate system data, with large areas not sampled or only sampled by ship-based discrete measurements as opposed to high frequency, sensor-equipped time-series fixed stations. The aim of this study was to analyze a multi-year time-series of high-frequency (hourly) partial pressure CO2 (pCO2) and pH measurements in the Eastern Mediterranean, along with low-frequency (monthly) measurements of total dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity. The pCO2 time-series was the first obtained in the Eastern Mediterranean. The study was conducted at a fixed platform of the POSEIDON system (Heraklion Coastal Buoy) located near Crete Island. Temperature was the dominant factor controlling the temporal variability of pCO2 and pH, while the remaining non-thermal variability appeared to be related to evaporation, water mixing, and biological remineralization-production. The air-sea CO2 fluxes indicated a transition from a winter-spring sink period to a summer-autumn source period. The annual air-sea CO2 flux was too low (-0.16 ± 0.02 mol m-2 yr-1) and variable to conclusively characterize the area as a net source or sink of CO2, highlighting the need for additional high frequency observation sites. Algorithms were developed using temperature, chlorophyll and salinity data to estimate pCO2 and total alkalinity, in an effort to provide tools for estimates in poorly observed areas/periods from remotely sensed products. The applicability of the algorithms was tested using Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) data from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (1999 to 2020) which showed that the algorithm pCO2 estimates were generally within ±20 μatm of the pCO2 values reported by SOCAT. Finally, the integration and analysis of the data provided directions on how to optimize the observing strategy, by readapting sensor location and using estimation algorithms with remote sensing data.

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Role of the circulation on the anthropogenic CO2 inventory in the North-East Atlantic: A climatological analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

The Northeast Atlantic is running out of excess carbonate in the horizon of cold-water corals communities

The Northeast Atlantic is running out of excess carbonate in the horizon of cold-water corals communities

A carbonate system time series in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Two years of high-frequency in-situ observations and remote sensing

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