Role of the gut-microbiota-metabolite-brain axis in the pathogenesis of preterm brain injury

Li, Ling; Yang, Jingguo; Liu, Tianjing; Shi, Yongyan

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115243

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…The vagal nerve is recognized as pivotal in facilitating bidirectional communication within the MGBA, constituting the primary conduit for microbiota-derived signals to interface with the brain. Although the vagal nerve itself is not in direct contact with the gut microbiota [ 8 ], it serves as a receptor for signals transmitted via microbial metabolites, inflammatory processes, or neuroendocrine cells which are mediated by gut microbiota [ 2 , 9 ] (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microbiota exerts regulatory control over the neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA). Experimentally induced gut dysbiosis modulates HPA-mediated cortisol release and consequent behavioral outcomes [ 1 , 9 ].…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can directly affect the brain compromising the BBB, binding to local receptors, inducing epigenetic modifications, contributing to brain homeostasis, and modulating neuro inflammation [ 13 ]. For instance, butyrate can possess direct anti-inflammatory effects on oligodendrocytes which are crucial for early brain development [ 11 , 14 ]. SCFAs can enhance regulatory T cell (Treg) function, vital for immune tolerance, and activate the sympathetic nervous system and vagal nerve [ 11 , 15 ].…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCFAs can enhance regulatory T cell (Treg) function, vital for immune tolerance, and activate the sympathetic nervous system and vagal nerve [ 11 , 15 ]. Indole, a tryptophan derivative, exhibits beneficial effects on neuro inflammation, nerve signal transduction, and gut and BBB integrity [ 9 , 16 ]. Lastly, biliary acids play a role in the brain and HPA axis through specific local receptors [ 9 ].…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indole, a tryptophan derivative, exhibits beneficial effects on neuro inflammation, nerve signal transduction, and gut and BBB integrity [ 9 , 16 ]. Lastly, biliary acids play a role in the brain and HPA axis through specific local receptors [ 9 ].…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiome and its impact on fetal and neonatal brain development: current opinion in pediatrics

Frerichs,

de Meij,

Niemarkt

2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning via a bi-directional communication system known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Recent findings The MGBA influences brain development and function via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the vagal nerve, immune signaling, bacterial production of neurotransmitters, and microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan derivatives, and bile acids. Animal studies show fetal neurodevelopment is mediated by maternal microbiota derivatives, immune activation, and diet. Furthermore, manipulation of the microbiota during critical windows of development, like antibiotic exposure and fecal microbiota transplantation, can affect cognitive functioning and behavior in mice. Evidence from human studies, particularly in preterm infants, also suggests that a disrupted gut microbiota colonization may negatively affect neurodevelopment. Early microbial signatures were linked to favorable and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Summary The link between the gut microbiota and the brain is evident. Future studies, including experimental studies, larger participant cohort studies with longitudinal analyses of microbes, their metabolites, and neurotransmitters, and randomized controlled trials are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms of the MGBA. Identification of early, predictive microbial markers could pave the way for the development of novel early microbiota-based intervention strategies, such as targeted probiotics, and vaginal or fecal microbiota transplantation, aimed at improving infant neurodevelopment.

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Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%