Role of the gut microflora in metabolism of lipids and sterols

Eyssen, H.

doi:10.1079/pns19730016

Cited by 77 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The deconjugation activity required that the organism be under anaerobic conditions. Such deconjugation activity becomes significant in relation to serum cholesterol level when we consider that deconjugated bile acids function poorer in supporting the absorption of lipids from the intestinal tract than do conjugated ones [57]. This could result in reduced absorption of cholesterol from the intestines and thus influence serum cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Inhibitory Action Toward Some Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health and nutritional benefits from lactic acid bacteria

Gilliland

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

407

182

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There are several potential health or nutritional benefits possible from some species of lactic acid bacteria. Among these are: improved nutritional value of food, control of intestinal infections, improved digestion of lactose, control of some types of cancer, and control of serum cholesterol levels. Some potential benefits may result from growth and action of the bacteria during the manufacture of cultured foods. Some may result from growth and action of certain species of the lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal tract following ingestion of foods containing them. In selecting a culture to produce a specific benefit it is necessary to consider not only the wide variation among species of the lactic acid bacteria but also that among strains within a given species. With the possible exception of improving lactose utilization by persons who are lactose maldigestors, no specific health or nutritional claims can yet be made for the lactic acid bacteria.

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Section: Inhibitory Action Toward Some Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anticarcenogenic or antimutagenic activity is produced by several lactic acid bacteria [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. Some of these activities are apparently due to compounds or substances produced by the organisms during their growth.…”

Section: Inhibitory Action Toward Some Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and nutritional benefits from lactic acid bacteria

Gilliland

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

407

182

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“…Primary bile salts that escape absorption in the terminal ileum may be deconjugated by the bacterial flora in the colon and then undergo (7-alpha-) dehydroxylation resulting in the formation of secondary bile salts such as deoxycholate and lithocholate. Various intestinal bacterial species, including lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, have the capacity to metabolize bile salts (10). The secondary bile salts are partly reabsorbed by passive diffusion or are lost via the feces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotic oligosaccharides and the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts in rats

Meer¹,

Boehm²,

Stellaard³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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PJ, Verkade HJ. Prebiotic oligosaccharides and the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 294: G540-G547, 2008. First published December 13, 2007 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00396.2007.-Human milk contains prebiotic oligosaccharides, which stimulate the growth of intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. It is unclear whether the prebiotic capacity of human milk contributes to the larger bile salt pool size and the more efficient fat absorption in infants fed human milk compared with formula. We determined the effect of prebiotic oligosaccharides on bile salt metabolism in rats. Rats were fed a control diet or an isocaloric diet containing a mixture of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), long-chain fructooligosaccharides (lcFOS), and acidified oligosaccharides (AOS) for 3 wk. We determined synthesis rate, pool size, and fractional turnover rate (FTR) of the primary bile salt cholate by using stable isotope dilution methodology. We quantified bile flow and biliary bile salt secretion rates through bile cannulation. Prebiotic intervention resulted in significant changes in fecal and colonic flora: the proportion of lactobacilli increased 344% (P Ͻ 0.01) in colon content and 139% (P Ͻ 0.01) in feces compared with the control group. The number of bifidobacteria also increased 366% (P Ͻ 0.01) in colon content and 282% in feces after the prebiotic treatment. Furthermore, pH in both colon and feces decreased significantly with 1.0 and 0.5 pH point, respectively. However, despite this alteration of intestinal bacterial flora, no significant effect on relevant parameters of bile salt metabolism and cholate kinetics was found. The present data in rats do not support the hypothesis that prebiotics naturally present in human milk contribute to a larger bile salt pool size or altered bile salt pool kinetics.

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“…Segundo, GILLILAND et al [12] certos microrganismos atuam na redução dos níveis de colesterol sangüí-neo de forma indireta, desconjugando ou desidroxilando os sais biliares conjugados e de acordo com EYSSEN [8] a diminuição dos ácidos biliares por desconjugação bacteriana é compensada, para manter o equilíbrio necessário ao organismo, pelo aumento do catabolismo do colesterol, que determina uma redução do colesterol total. Além disso, os ácidos biliares desconjugados absorvem baixa quantidade de lipídios no trato-intestinal comparado com os ácidos biliares conjugados.…”

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Efeito de probiótico na modulação dos níveis de colesterol sérico e no peso do fígado de ratos alimentados com dieta rica em colesterol e ácido cólico

Machado¹,

Ferreira²,

Costa

et al. 2003

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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Efeito de probiótico na modulação dos níveis de colesterol sérico e no peso do fígado de ratos, Machado et al. -INTRODUÇÂONo Brasil, as doenças cardiovasculares são responsáveis por cerca de 300 mil falecimentos por ano, ou seja, 820 por dia. Nos Estados Unidos, são responsáveis por 70 a 80% das mortes de pessoas com mais de 65 anos e de acordo com estimativa, no ano 2003, um em cada cinco indivíduos terá mais de 65 anos [23].A Organização Mundial de Saúde OMS [19] ressalta que o aumento da expectativa de vida de uma população está diretamente relacionada com a prevenção das doenças cardiovasculares.O risco destas doenças, que incluem o infarto e a aterosclerose, tem sido continuamente associado a ní-veis elevados de colesterol sangüíneo e pequena redução do seu nível plasmático está relacionada a um decréscimo significativo desse risco [2].Sabe-se que o principal papel da dieta é fornecer nutrientes para satisfazer os requerimentos de uma alimentação balanceada e ao mesmo tempo proporcionar um sentimento de satisfação e bem-estar ao comensal. SUMMARY EVALUATION OF THE PROBIOTIC EFFECT IN THE MODULATION OF THE LEVELS OF SERIC CHOLESTEROL AND IN THE WEIGHT OF THE LIVER OF MICES FED WITH RICH DIET IN CHOLESTEROL AND COLIC ACID.Probiotics are known as functional foods and have been recommended as dietary adjunct for individuals with high serum cholesterol levels. To evaluate probiotics effects on the modulation of serum cholesterol an experiment was carried out during 28 days, using 90 Wistar male rats, distributed in four treatments and individually housed, with initial average weight of 250±32g. The experimental groups were: Standard; Control; LDR and P. The Standard group received the AIN-93G diet during the whole experimental period. The other groups received for 28 days the AIN-93G diet added of 1% of cholesterol and 0,1% of cholic acid. Of the 15 th to the 28 th day (after an initial period of 14 days of hipercolesterolemia induction) the LDR group received the supplement of 0,1mL/day/animal of reconstituted skimmed milk at 10% of non fat solids and, the group P received 0,1mL/day/animal of a probiotic in the form of a concentrate of cells contends 10 10 UFC/mL of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were evaluated at 28 th days of experiment (immediately after the end of probiotic administration). The dietary increment of 1% of crystalline cholesterol and 0,1% of cholic acid did not promote hipercholesterolemia in the animals, evidenced by the non significant difference (p>0,05) of levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol among the groups Standard, Control, LDR and P after 14 days receiving hipercholesterolemic diet. However it provoked significant increase of the weight and alteration of normal coloration of liver (of red intense for red yellowish) due to fat accumulation in this organ, in the animals that received rich diet in cholesterol compared to the Standard group. Thus, rich diet in cholesterol and...

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Role of the gut microflora in metabolism of lipids and sterols

Cited by 77 publications

References 28 publications

Health and nutritional benefits from lactic acid bacteria

Health and nutritional benefits from lactic acid bacteria

Prebiotic oligosaccharides and the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts in rats

Efeito de probiótico na modulação dos níveis de colesterol sérico e no peso do fígado de ratos alimentados com dieta rica em colesterol e ácido cólico

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