Role of the
            <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>
            Cj1461 DNA Methyltransferase in Regulating Virulence Characteristics

Kim, Sang Woo; Li, Jiaqi; Barnes, If; Baltzegar, David A.; Pajaniappan, Mohanasundari; Cullen, Thomas W.; Trent, M. Stephen; Burns, Christopher M.; Thompson, Stuart A.

doi:10.1128/jb.00765-08

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These values are close to those found when other genes have been examined; a similar 7-fold increase in adherence to INT-407 cells was found with a cj1461 (methyltransferase) mutant versus the wild-type strain [8]. Mutants in waaF showed a 14-fold reduction in invasion of INT407 cells compared with the wild type strain [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The 16- to 21-fold difference in invasion detected in the isolates with and without the CJIE1-family prophage was similar to this but much less than the 50-fold reduction in invasion of INT-407 cells resulting from an insertion mutation of cj1461 [8]. However, the cj1461 mutant also resulted in a motility defect, which is known to have profound effects on invasion [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Effects of the Campylobacter jejuniCJIE1 prophage homologs on adherence and invasion in culture, patient symptoms, and source of infection

et al. 2012

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BackgroundProphages of enteric bacteria are frequently of key importance for the biology, virulence, or host adaptation of their host. Some C. jejuni isolates carry homologs of the CJIE1 (CMLP 1) prophage that carry cargo genes potentially involved in virulence. Possible role(s) of CJIE1 homologs in the biology and virulence of C. jejuni were therefore investigated by using in vitro cell culture assays and by assessing the association of C. jejuni isolates with and without these prophages with patients’ symptoms, with source, and with clonal lineages within the C. jejuni population.ResultsFour C. jejuni isolates, three carrying the CJIE1-like prophage and one without, were tested in cell culture assays for adherence and invasion. Both adherence and invasion of C. jejuni to cells in culture were increased by the presence of the CJIE1-family prophage. Differences in motility and growth rate did not appear to be responsible. The CJIE1 prophage was present in 23% of isolates from human and non-human sources combined that were obtained through sentinel-site surveillance, and the distribution of CJIE1 in this population showed modest clonal associations. There was no correlation between the presence of the CJIE1 prophage in C. jejuni and patient symptoms, although there was some statistical support for lower rates of abdominal pain and fever when the prophage was present. Little evidence was found for a role of the prophage in host adaptation or host specificity.ConclusionThese biological effects suggest that the presence of the prophage may be a marker for differential virulence of some C. jejuni isolates. Ongoing research into the effects of the prophage on protein expression may provide additional insights into the roles the prophage may play in the biology of its host bacterium.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of the Campylobacter jejuniCJIE1 prophage homologs on adherence and invasion in culture, patient symptoms, and source of infection

et al. 2012

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“…In addition to variation in the DNA sequence, functionally relevant phenotypic modifications could result from epigenetic factors, including changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype. For example, in C. jejuni, epigenetic regulation by DNA MTase Cj1461 has been shown to affect several phenotypes related to virulence of lineages in human hosts (50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Phenotypic Plasticity among Multihost Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Lineages, Obtained Using Ribosomal Multilocus Sequence Typing and Raman Spectroscopy

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Woodcock

Strachan

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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g Closely related bacterial isolates can display divergent phenotypes. This can limit the usefulness of phylogenetic studies for understanding bacterial ecology and evolution. Here, we compare phenotyping based on Raman spectrometric analysis of cellular composition to phylogenetic classification by ribosomal multilocus sequence typing (rMLST) in 108 isolates of the zoonotic pathogens Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli. Automatic relevance determination (ARD) was used to identify informative peaks in the Raman spectra that could be used to distinguish strains in taxonomic and host source groups (species, clade, clonal complex, and isolate source/host). Phenotypic characterization based on Raman spectra showed a degree of agreement with genotypic classification using rMLST, with segregation accuracy between species (83.95%), clade (in C. coli, 98.41%), and, to some extent, clonal complex (86.89% C. jejuni ST-21 and ST-45 complexes) being achieved. This confirmed the utility of Raman spectroscopy for lineage classification and the correlation between genotypic and phenotypic classification. In parallel analysis, relatively distantly related isolates (different clonal complexes) were assigned the correct host origin irrespective of the clonal origin (74.07 to 96.97% accuracy) based upon different Raman peaks. This suggests that the phenotypic characteristics, from which the phenotypic signal is derived, are not fixed by clonal descent but are influenced by the host environment and change as strains move between hosts.

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“…Some or all of these systems potentially play a role in the restriction barrier of NCTC11168, and we therefore screened random mutants to identify which factors may be involved. To date, cj0031 has been shown to be subject to phase variation (5), cj1461 has been shown to have dam-like activity (36), and the type I system was analyzed and shown to have a grouping similar to those of RM1849 and 81-176 but not 81116 as well as to be subject to phase variation (46). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the R-M systems involved in plasmid transformation in C. jejuni.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Cj1051c as a Major Determinant for the Restriction Barrier of Campylobacter jejuni Strain NCTC11168

Holt

Grant

Coward

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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cCampylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of human diarrheal illness in the world, and research on it has benefitted greatly by the completion of several genome sequences and the development of molecular biology tools. However, many hurdles remain for a full understanding of this unique bacterial pathogen. One of the most commonly used strains for genetic work with C. jejuni is NCTC11168. While this strain is readily transformable with DNA for genomic recombination, transformation with plasmids is problematic. In this study, we have identified a determinant of this to be cj1051c, predicted to encode a restriction-modification type IIG enzyme. Knockout mutagenesis of this gene resulted in a strain with a 1,000-fold-enhanced transformation efficiency with a plasmid purified from a C. jejuni host. Additionally, this mutation conferred the ability to be transformed by plasmids isolated from an Escherichia coli host. Sequence analysis suggested a high level of variability of the specificity domain between strains and that this gene may be subject to phase variation. We provide evidence that cj1051c is active in NCTC11168 and behaves as expected for a type IIG enzyme. The identification of this determinant provides a greater understanding of the molecular biology of C. jejuni as well as a tool for plasmid work with strain NCTC11168.

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Role of the Campylobacter jejuni Cj1461 DNA Methyltransferase in Regulating Virulence Characteristics

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of the Campylobacter jejuniCJIE1 prophage homologs on adherence and invasion in culture, patient symptoms, and source of infection

Effects of the Campylobacter jejuniCJIE1 prophage homologs on adherence and invasion in culture, patient symptoms, and source of infection

Evidence for Phenotypic Plasticity among Multihost Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Lineages, Obtained Using Ribosomal Multilocus Sequence Typing and Raman Spectroscopy

Identification of Cj1051c as a Major Determinant for the Restriction Barrier of Campylobacter jejuni Strain NCTC11168

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