Role of the implosion kinetic energy in determining the kilovolt x-ray emission from aluminum-wire-array implosions

Deeney, C.; Nash, T. J.; Prasad, R.; Warren, L.; Whitney, K. G.; Thornhill, J. W.; Coulter, M. C.

doi:10.1103/physreva.44.6762

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thermalization of this kinetic energy at stagnation is believed to be responsible for the radiation [1]. But such change of inductance of the load is not the only channel of energy conversion [3]. Analysis of the recent experimental data [4], [5] has leaded the authors of [6] to an opposite conclusion: the energy dissipation due to enhanced resistivity may play a major role in the dynamics of wire arrays, from the start of the implosion to the radiation peak and beyond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Radiation properties and implosion dynamics of planar and cylindrical wire arrays, asymmetric and symmetric, uniform and combined X-pinches on the UNR 1-MA zebra generator

Kantsyrev

Safronova

Fedin

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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In the following experiments, we studied implosions of different wire arrays and X-pinches produced on the 1-MA Zebra generator at the University of Nevada, Reno. Diagnostics included both spatially-resolved and time-gated X-ray imaging and spectroscopy, and laser probing. In particular, we compared planar wire arrays, to which little energy could be coupled via the conventional magnetic-to-kinetic conversion mechanism, to cylindrical wire arrays of comparable dimensions and mass. The planar wire arrays were shown to radiate much higher peak power and more energy in subkiloelectronvolt and kiloelectronvolt spectral ranges than cylindrical wire arrays. We tested the theoretical conjecture that enhanced resistivity due to the small-scale inhomogeneity of wire-array plasmas has a major effect on dynamics, energy coupling and radiation performance of wire-array Z-pinches. The study of Al, Alumel, and W cylindrical wire arrays shows a wide variety of characteristic behaviors in plasma implosions discussed hereinafter. Additional experimental results for symmetric and asymmetric, uniform stainless steel, Cu, Mo, combined Al/Mo, Mo/Al, Al/W, W/Al, and Mo/W X-pinches are also presented. New data for the total radiation yield are obtained. The planar structures of X-pinch plasma and the corresponding electron beam was observed for most of X-pinches. The generation of hot spots along original wires positions-cooler than those from the cross-wire region-and arc structures with hot spots between

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Radiation properties and implosion dynamics of planar and cylindrical wire arrays, asymmetric and symmetric, uniform and combined X-pinches on the UNR 1-MA zebra generator

Kantsyrev

Safronova

Fedin

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…The stagnated Z-pinch is unstable to both the m=0 sausage and m=1 kink perturbations [3,4]. Another set of features and instabilities in the Z-pinch plasma is linked to "enhanced" plasma heating [9][10][11]. It has been experimentally established that the radiated energy of Zpinches can exceed the available kinetic energy and resistive Spitzer heating.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It has been experimentally established that the radiated energy of Zpinches can exceed the available kinetic energy and resistive Spitzer heating. Several mechanisms may contribute to Zpinch energy deposition, including the resistive effect in Hall plasma, the dissipation of the entrained magnetic flux, ion viscous heating, and forced expansion of the m=1 helix [9][10][11][12][13]. Hot spots in Z-pinches with the electron temperature >1 keV and density >10 21 cm -3 [14] can also contribute to the energy balance in the Z-pinch.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of the Internal Structure and Small-Scale Instabilities in the DenseZPinch

et al. 2011

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“…Typical aluminum wire array pinches at the 3 to 5 MA level produce plasmas that have electron densities of 0.5 to 1.0 10 cm and sizes of 1 to 3 mm diameter [3], [5], [13], [16]. Under these conditions, the principle line radiation is very optically thick (optical depths of 10 to 200), thus the measured spectrum tends to be more characteristic of the surface layer conditions.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A standard technique to produce intense kilovolt X-ray pulses from pinches is to implode arrays of fine wires [2]- [5]. Since their inception in the late 1970s [2], these wire arrays have been used on pulsed power generators ranging from 0.1 to 20 MA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved spectroscopy and energy-resolved imaging of coated wire arrays as the interwire spacing is decreased

Failor

Deeney

LePell

et al. 2002

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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We have spectroscopically observed, as suggested by Sanford et al. (1996), a transition from discrete wire implosions to the implosion of a more continuous plasma shell in aluminum-wirearray pinches driven by a 7-TW electrical generator. The time history of magnesium dopant K-shell X-ray emission depended on the interwire spacing, as well as whether the dopant was introduced as an alloy in or a coating on the aluminum wires. We diagnose the final assembly of the hot, dense K-shell emitting core, a region of the pinch not accessible to laser interferometry or optical/UV emission measurements.Index Terms-K-shell X-ray production, plasma radiation sources, wire array pinch, pinch plasma.

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Role of the implosion kinetic energy in determining the kilovolt x-ray emission from aluminum-wire-array implosions

Cited by 54 publications

References 16 publications

Radiation properties and implosion dynamics of planar and cylindrical wire arrays, asymmetric and symmetric, uniform and combined X-pinches on the UNR 1-MA zebra generator

Radiation properties and implosion dynamics of planar and cylindrical wire arrays, asymmetric and symmetric, uniform and combined X-pinches on the UNR 1-MA zebra generator

Study of the Internal Structure and Small-Scale Instabilities in the DenseZPinch

Time-resolved spectroscopy and energy-resolved imaging of coated wire arrays as the interwire spacing is decreased

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