Plants are immobile, and, to overcome harsh environmental conditions, such as drought, salt, and cold, they have evolved complex signaling pathways. Abscisic acid (ABA), an isoprenoid phytohormone, is a critical signaling mediator that regulates diverse biological processes in various organisms. Significant progress has been made in the determination and characterization of key ABA-mediated molecular factors involved in different stress responses, including stomatal closure and developmental processes, such as seed germination and bud dormancy. Since ABA-signaling is a complex signaling network that integrates with other signaling pathways, the dissection of its intricate regulatory network is necessary to understand the function of essential regulatory genes involved in ABA signaling. In the present review, we focus on two aspects of ABA signaling. First, the perception of the stress signal (abiotic and biotic) and the response network of ABA-signaling components that transduce the signal to the downstream pathway to respond to stress tolerance, regulation of stomata, and ABA signaling component ubiquitination. Second, ABA-signaling in plant development processes, such as lateral root growth regulation, seed germination, and flowering time regulation. Examining such diverse signal integration dynamics could enhance our understanding of the underlying genetic, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of ABA signaling networks in plants.decreases after rehydration. In addition, ABA has been considered a long-distance stress signal between shoots and roots [22]. Therefore, the study of spatiotemporal expression of genes that control ABA metabolism rate-limiting steps is essential for understanding how plants adapt to stress. Other than its role in adaptation to abiotic stress, ABA has been shown to be a key regulator of pathogen-virulence [23][24][25][26][27], which could offer insights into the basis of the ABA-synthesizing ability of numerous bio-and necrotrophic microbes [24,[28][29][30].Gene products acting in the vicinity of the cell wall or at the interface of the plasma membrane/cytoskeleton/cell wall are considered the most likely elements to participate in initial stress perception. For instance, gated aquaporins (PIPs, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins) and osmo-/ion channels at the cell wall-plasma membrane interface may be implicated in the upstream perception [31][32][33]. The receptor of ABA remained unknown until 2009. Before 2009, several ABA receptors had been reported [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]; however, further investigations, did not substantiate any of them. In 2009, two independent studies reported the START (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-related lipid-transfer) domain of the significant Bet v1 (birch pollen allergen) superfamily of proteins as candidate ABA receptors [41][42][43][44]. All 14 members of the protein family are named Regulatory Component of ABA Receptor, RCAR1-RCAR14, [41], or Pyrabactin Resistance 1 and PYR1-like 1-13 [42]. The discovery of PYR1-like components ...