Role of the Lungs in Regulation of the White Blood Cell Level

Ambrus, Clara M.; Ambrus, Julian L.; Johnson, Gilbert; Packman, Elias W.; Chernick, Warren S.; Back, Nathan; Harrisson, Joseph W.E.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.178.1.33

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, in several other studies where catheters were placed in the right and left heart to sample blood on both sides of the pulmonary circulation small A-V leukocyte differences similar to those seen in the periods marked control in Fig. 6 have been reported (4,19,20). Bierman (19) concluded that these small A-V differences were due to respiratory movements because they increased with Mueller and Valsalva maneuvers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Bierman (19) concluded that these small A-V differences were due to respiratory movements because they increased with Mueller and Valsalva maneuvers. Ambrus et al (4) attributed them to the presence of catheters in the RA and in the carotid artery. Although we cannot provide any additional insight into the reason for the small A-V differences seen in the control period (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pool of cells plays an important role in leukocyte kinetics because it can be rapidly mobilized into the circulation by stimuli such as excercise (1,2) or epinephrine (1)(2)(3). Whereas the lung is thought to be a major site of the marginating PMN pool (4), there have been relatively few attempts (1,2) to determine how cells enter and leave it. In this study we report data on three separate but related experiments that were designed to investigate the interaction between the circulating and marginating pool.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of pulmonary blood flow on the exchange between the circulating and marginating pool of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in dog lungs.

Martin¹,

Wright²,

Thommasen³

et al. 1982

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The effect of pulmonary blood flow on the exchange between the circulating and marginating pool of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was examined in three sets of experiments. In the first we used the double indicator dilution technique with labeled PMN and erythrocytes (RBC) to calculate the percent extraction and percent recovery of PMN at different levels of cardiac output (CO). In the second group of experiments we took advantage of the wide range of blood flow in the lung to determine the effect of regional blood flow on regional PMN retention, and in the third set we measured total leukocyte (WBC) and PMN counts in simultaneous samples from the pulmonary artery and aorta over a wide range of cardiac output. The studies showed that 80-90% of the labeled PMN were removed in a single pass through the lung and that regional retention of labeled PMN and A-V differences for unlabeled PMN increased with decreasing blood flow. The data for regional retention of labeled PMN and the A-V differences observed for unlabeled cells both fit the equation Y = A + Becx (where A + B = 100), which showed that PMN accumulate in the lung as blood flow is reduced. We conclude that a dynamic equilibrium exists between the circulating and marginating pools of leukocytes in the lung and that blood flow primarily effects the reentry of cells into the circulating pool so that the marginating pool of PMN within the lung accumulates cells when blood flow is reduced below 7 ml/min per g.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pulmonary blood flow on the exchange between the circulating and marginating pool of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in dog lungs.

Martin¹,

Wright²,

Thommasen³

et al. 1982

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Cytoplasmic extensions of type I pneumocytes in human lung penetrate the basement membrane to contact the fibroblast (10). As observed in rabbits, human fibroblasts may also contact a capillary pericyte through an aperture in its basement membrane (9) or the endothelial cell in a similar fashion (11). In summary, 1, 3, 9, and 11 occur in rabbit, whereas 2 and 11 occur in human lung.…”

Section: B Preexisting Holes In the Basement Membranementioning

confidence: 76%

“…A distinctive characteristic of this bed is the complex interconnecting network of short capillary segments where the path from arteriole to venule crosses several alveolar walls (often Ͼ8) and contains often Ͼ50 capillary segments (9,53,102,151,248). Compared with blood in the large vessels of most vascular beds, the blood in this complex network contains ϳ50-fold more neutrophils and manyfold more lymphocytes and monocytes (56).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Structural Features That Influence Neutrophil Emigration Into the Lung

Burns

Smith²,

Walker³

2003

Physiological Reviews

270

273

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Neutrophil emigration in the lung differs substantially from that in systemic vascular beds where extravasation occurs primarily through postcapillary venules. Migration into the alveolus occurs directly from alveolar capillaries and appears to progress through a sequence of steps uniquely influenced by the cellular anatomy and organization of the alveolar wall. The cascade of adhesive and stimulatory events so critical to the extravasation of neutrophils from postcapillary venules in many tissues is not evident in this setting. Compelling evidence exists for unique cascades of biophysical, adhesive, stimulatory, and guidance factors that arrest neutrophils in the alveolar capillary bed and direct their movement through the endothelium, interstitial space, and alveolar epithelium. A prominent path accessible to the neutrophil appears to be determined by the structural interactions of endothelial cells, interstitial fibroblasts, as well as type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells.

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