Role of the striatal cholinergic system in the regulation of learned manipulation in rats

Dubrovskaya, N. М.; Журавин, И. А.

doi:10.1007/bf02691681

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Young (P20) or adult (P90) male rats were trained to touch or push a piston attached horizontally to the front wall of the experimental chamber with an automatic feeder and instruments for recording movements and delivery of reinforcement (Zhuravin and Bures, 1986 , 1989 ) with some modifications (Dubrovskaya and Zhuravin, 1995 ; Zhuravin et al, 2002 ). Young rats of the control ( n = 20), E14 ( n = 12), and E18 ( n = 15) groups were trained only to touch the piston while adult rats of the control ( n = 13), E14 ( n = 14), and E18 ( n = 16) groups were trained to push the piston for longer than a specified period of time (usually 50 ms).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prenatal Hypoxia in Different Periods of Embryogenesis Differentially Affects Cell Migration, Neuronal Plasticity, and Rat Behavior in Postnatal Ontogenesis

et al. 2016

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Long-term effects of prenatal hypoxia on embryonic days E14 or E18 on the number, type and localization of cortical neurons, density of labile synaptopodin-positive dendritic spines, and parietal cortex-dependent behavioral tasks were examined in the postnatal ontogenesis of rats. An injection of 5′ethynyl-2′deoxyuridine to pregnant rats was used to label neurons generated on E14 or E18 in the fetuses. In control rat pups a majority of cells labeled on E14 were localized in the lower cortical layers V-VI while the cells labeled on E18 were mainly found in the superficial cortical layers II-III. It was shown that hypoxia both on E14 and E18 results in disruption of neuroblast generation and migration but affects different cell populations. In rat pups subjected to hypoxia on E14, the total number of labeled cells in the parietal cortex was decreased while the number of labeled neurons scattered within the superficial cortical layers was increased. In rat pups subjected to hypoxia on E18, the total number of labeled cells in the parietal cortex was also decreased but the number of scattered labeled neurons was higher in the lower cortical layers. It can be suggested that prenatal hypoxia both on E14 and E18 causes a disruption in neuroblast migration but with a different outcome. Only in rats subjected to hypoxia on E14 did we observe a reduction in the total number of pyramidal cortical neurons and the density of labile synaptopodin-positive dendritic spines in the molecular cortical layer during the first month after birth which affected development of the cortical functions. As a result, rats subjected to hypoxia on E14, but not on E18, had impaired development of the whisker-placing reaction and reduced ability to learn reaching by a forepaw. The data obtained suggest that hypoxia on E14 in the period of generation of the cells, which later differentiate into the pyramidal cortical neurons of the V-VI layers and form cortical minicolumns, affects formation of cortical cytoarchitecture, neuronal plasticity and behavior in postnatal ontogenesis which testify to cortical dysfunction. Hypoxia on E18 does not significantly affect cortical structure and parietal cortex-dependent behavioral tasks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Hypoxia in Different Periods of Embryogenesis Differentially Affects Cell Migration, Neuronal Plasticity, and Rat Behavior in Postnatal Ontogenesis

et al. 2016

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Role of the cholinergic systems of the dorsal and ventral striatum of the rat brain in controlling learned movements

Dubrovskaya¹,

Журавин²

1998

Neurosci Behav Physiol

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Comparative studies were performed of the effects of injections of a cholinergic agonist (carbachol) and antagonist (scopolamine) into the ventral and dorsal striatum on the performance of a learned movement involving prolonged maintenance of extension of the forelimb in rats. Doses of carbachol (0.03-3.00 micrograms) into the ventral striatum were accompanied by increases in the numbers of movements with prolonged maintenance of extension with application of pressure against an obstacle, with a simultaneous decrease in the percentage of rapid nonreinforced movements (by an average of 18.8%). Injections into the dorsal striatum disrupted slow movements which were not reinforced during training, on a background of stable performance of the learned reflex. Doses of scopolamine (0.3-3.0 micrograms) into both the dorsal and ventral parts of the striatum produced increases (by 22.7 +/- 8.2% and 68.9 +/- 14.3%) in the numbers of rapid nonreinforced movements typical of the repertoire of untrained animals. These data led to the suggestion that the cholinergic system of the ventral striatum is involved in the maintenance of forelimb muscle tone in rats during the performance of movements in which pressure is applied to an obstacle. The cholinergic system of the dorsal striatum does not have this property, but plays a significant role in the process of learning new sensory-controlled movements.

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Dubrovskaya

2001

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology

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The role of the cholinergic system of the sensorimotor cortex of the Wistar rat brain in controlling various types of movements was assessed by studying the effects of microinjections of carbachol and scopolamine into the representation area of the forelimb on the performance of two types of fore-limb food-procuring movements--with and without pressure on an obstacle--as well as on the animals' locomotion. These studies showed that administration of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (0.03-3 microg) leads to slowing of both types of procuring movements and acceleration of locomotor activity in an open field. Injections of the cholinergic antagonist scopolamine (0.3-3 microg) into the same area accelerated procuring movements, while the animals' locomotor activity remained unaltered. These data indicate that the cholinergic system of the sensorimotor cortex has different regulatory influences on movement activity (locomotion) and the performance of learned movements requiring forelimb muscle tone to be maintained for different periods of time (the usual rapid movements used for extracting food from a narrow horizontal tube versus slow movements with additional tactile and tonic components).

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Role of the striatal cholinergic system in the regulation of learned manipulation in rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Prenatal Hypoxia in Different Periods of Embryogenesis Differentially Affects Cell Migration, Neuronal Plasticity, and Rat Behavior in Postnatal Ontogenesis

Prenatal Hypoxia in Different Periods of Embryogenesis Differentially Affects Cell Migration, Neuronal Plasticity, and Rat Behavior in Postnatal Ontogenesis

Role of the cholinergic systems of the dorsal and ventral striatum of the rat brain in controlling learned movements

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