Role of thermal trauma in experimental oral mucosal Candida infections in rats

O'Grady, John F.; Reade, Peter C.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01044.x

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The authors therefore concluded that the hyposalivatory-rat model is useful to assess the infectivity, pathogenesis, and virulence of different Candida strains in both qualitative and quantitative terms. A relationship between Candida infection and mucosal trauma has been addressed by other workers (30,131,195). When the role of thermal trauma to the oral mucosa was investigated, it was noted that thermal ulceration facilitated candidal invasion of the dorsal lingual mucosa (131).…”

Section: Sprague-dawley Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A relationship between Candida infection and mucosal trauma has been addressed by other workers (30,131,195). When the role of thermal trauma to the oral mucosa was investigated, it was noted that thermal ulceration facilitated candidal invasion of the dorsal lingual mucosa (131). These results also suggested that mild, long-term trauma due to chronic irritation from unstable dentures may contribute to the initiation or aggravation of Candida-associated denture stoma- titis.…”

Section: Sprague-dawley Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other predisposing factors for oral candidiasis that have come under scrutiny in a number of animal models include broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (5,82,(155)(156)(157), carbohydrate-rich diets (66,154,155), topical use of corticosteroids (47), corticosteroid inhalation (28), trauma (131), iron deficiency (147,185), diabetes (51), xerostomia (1,83,84,119,133), decrease in CD4 ϩ T-cell counts and phagocytic function (31,32), defective T-cell function (16), and immunosuppressive therapy (27,172). Undoubtedly, these studies have helped us to understand the etiology of oral candidiasis and the development of the management protocols that are currently prevalent.…”

Section: Need For and Clinical Relevance Of Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

2001

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Oral candidiasis is as much the final outcome of the vulnerability of the host as of the virulence of the invading organism. We review here the extensive literature on animal experiments mainly appertaining to the host predisposing factors that initiate and perpetuate these infections. The monkey, rat, and mouse are the choice models for investigating oral candidiasis, but comparisons between the same or different models appear difficult, because of variables such as the study design, the number of animals used, their diet, the differences in Candida strains, and the duration of the studies. These variables notwithstanding, the following could be concluded. (i) The primate model is ideal for investigating Candida-associated denture stomatitis since both erythematous and pseudomembranous lesions have been produced in monkeys with prosthetic plates; they are, however, expensive and difficult to obtain and maintain. (ii) The rat model (both Sprague-Dawley and Wistar) is well proven for observing chronic oral candidal colonization and infection, due to the ease of breeding and handling and their ready availability. (iii) Mice are similar, but in addition there are well characterized variants simulating immunologic and genetic abnormalities (e.g., athymic, euthymic, murine-acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and severe combined immunodeficient models) and hence are used for short-term studies relating the host immune response and oral candidiasis. Nonetheless, an ideal, relatively inexpensive model representative of the human oral environment in ecological and microbiological terms is yet to be described. Until such a model is developed, researchers should pay attention to standardization of the experimental protocols described here to obtain broadly comparable and meaningful data

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Section: Sprague-dawley Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sprague-dawley Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Need For and Clinical Relevance Of Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

2001

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“…The percentage of areas of clinical lesions was analyzed by Student's t test (25). The Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test for paired comparisons and the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparisons were used to determine the degree of colonization of the epithelium by fungal hyphae (33). Differences were considered significant at P Ͻ 0.05.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff stains were used. C. albicans infection was assessed with a digital imaging system according to evidence of lesions and hyphal colonization on the dorsal tongue (3,33). Tissue injury was determined by quantification of the number and type (normal, atrophic, and hypertropic) of papillae per microscopic field (magnification, ϫ46).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Psychological Stress and Alprazolam on Development of Oral Candidiasis in Rats

Núñez

Balboa

Riveiro

et al. 2002

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Psychological stress has been found to suppress cell-mediated immune responses that are important in limiting the proliferation of Candida albicans. Since anxiolytic drugs can restore cellular immunity in rodents exposed to stress conditions, we designed experiments conducted to evaluate the effects of alprazolam (1 mg/kg of body weight/day), a central benzodiazepine anxiolytic agonist, on the development of oral candidiasis in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to a chronic auditory stressor. Animals were submitted to surgical hyposalivation in order to facilitate the establishment and persistence of C. albicans infection. Application of stress and treatment with drugs (placebo or alprazolam) were initiated 7 days before C. albicans inoculation and lasted until the end of the experiments (day 15 postinoculation). Establishment of C. albicans infection was evaluated by swabbing the inoculated oral cavity with a sterile cotton applicator on days 2 and 15 after inoculation, followed by plating on YEPD (yeast extract-peptone-dextrose) agar. Tissue injury was determined by the quantification of the number and type (normal or abnormal) of papillae on the dorsal tongue per microscopic field. A semiquantitative scale was devised to assess the degree of colonization of the epithelium by fungal hyphae. Our results show that stress exacerbates C. albicans infection of the tongues of rats. Significant increases in Candida counts, the percentage of the tongue's surface covered with clinical lesions, the percentage of abnormal papillae, and the colonization of the epithelium by fungal hyphae were found in stressed rats compared to those found in the unstressed rats. Treatment with alprazolam significantly reversed these adverse effects of stress, showing that, besides the psychopharmacological properties of this anxiolytic drug against stress, it has consequences for Candida infection.

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Innate Defense Mechanisms in Oral Candidiasis

Dongari-Bagtzoglou

2005

Fungal Immunology

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Role of thermal trauma in experimental oral mucosal Candida infections in rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

Experimental Oral Candidiasis in Animal Models

Effects of Psychological Stress and Alprazolam on Development of Oral Candidiasis in Rats

Innate Defense Mechanisms in Oral Candidiasis

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