Role of Tin Chloride in Tin-Rich Mixed-Halide Perovskites Applied as Mesoscopic Solar Cells with a Carbon Counter Electrode

Tsai, Chao-Ming; Wu, Hui-Ping; Chang, S. L.; Huang, Chi‐Feng; Wang, Chia‐Hsin; Narra, Sudhakar; Yang, Yichuan; Wang, Chien‐Lung; Hung, Chen‐Hsiung; Diau, Eric Wei‐Guang

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00514

Cited by 84 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The “bowing” of the E g ( x ) dependence may originate from a transition from cubic to orthorhombic lattice symmetry upon increasing tin content [93]. A similar anomalous variation of the bandgap, as well as the CB/VB level positions with the Sn content, was reported for CH 3 NH 3 Sn x Pb 1− x I 3− y Cl y HPs [94]. …”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 64%

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

Stroyuk¹

2018

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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This review covers the state-of-the-art in organo–inorganic lead-free hybrid perovskites (HPs) and applications of these exciting materials as light harvesters in photovoltaic systems. Special emphasis is placed on the influence of the spatial organization of HP materials both on the micro- and nanometer scale on the performance and stability of perovskite-based solar light converters. This review also discusses HP materials produced by isovalent lead(II) substitution with Sn2+ and other metal(II) ions, perovskite materials formed on the basis of M3+ cations (Sb3+, Bi3+) as well as on combinations of M+/M3+ ions aliovalent to 2Pb2+ (Ag+/Bi3+, Ag+/Sb3+, etc.). The survey is concluded with an outlook highlighting the most promising strategies for future progress of photovoltaic systems based on lead-free perovskite compounds.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 64%

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

Stroyuk¹

2018

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…Hatton and co‐workers also reported the first demonstration of solution processed CsSnI 3 films at room temperature with much lower defect densities. However, the stability of these devices was relatively poor, with a 30% loss of PCE when stored in the dark and ambient air for only 1 h. To solve this problem, they further investigated the influence of SnX 2 (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) as additives as they have shown promising effects to enhance the resistance of oxidation toward air by other researchers . Among these, SnCl 2 outstands as being a particularly beneficial additive.…”

Section: Inorganic Perovskite Materials and Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Recent Progress of All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites and Solar Cells

2019

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perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) have reached a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.2% in 2019, [19] which is comparable with that of copper indiumgallium diselenide (CIGS) [20] and siliconbased solar cells.The general chemical formula of a perovskite compound can be described as ABX 3 , where A is a monovalent cation (methylammonium (CH 3 NH 3 + (MA + )), formamidinium (CH(NH 2 ) 2 + (FA + )), cesium, etc.), B is a divalent metal cation (Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , etc.), and X is occupied by a halide counterion (Cl − , Br − , and I − ). It is possible to form mixed compounds with respect to each site. The commercialization of hybrid perovskites requires materials that are thermodynamically stable and can withstand various thermal stressing tests, including natural daynight cycling and exposure to full sunlight. The organic parts in perovskites (such as MA + or FA + ) cannot endure high temperature and thus presents a longterm stability issue for devices under operation. Among the various degradation and decomposition pathways of hybrid perovskite, which depend on environmental factors such as humidity and illumination, a common theme is the low thermal stability of these perovskites, even in inert atmosphere. [21][22][23] For example, release of CH 3 NH 2 has been reported in MA-based perovskite films at temperatures of 80 °C, indicating decomposition of MA. [24] However, standard operational conditions for photovoltaics require materials and devices to be stable at this temperature. Therefore, the replacement of the organic parts by inorganic components (Cs + ) is expected to dramatically increase the long-term stability. [23,25,26] It has been widely reported that even a small amount of cesium can greatly enhance the thermal stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites. [27,28] For example, FA 0.83 Cs 0.17 Pb(I 0.6 Br 0.4 ) 3 demonstrates both thermal and moisture stability, and stability to operation in the presence of oxygen. [29] An early report by Hodes [30] shows that thin films of the inorganic perovskite CsPbBr 3 can be prepared with a two-step method. The solar cells employing these layers yield an impressive high open circuit voltage (V oc ) of 1.32 V. These results, as the authors emphasize, indicate that the organic moiety is not an essential component in constructing high-performance perovskite materials and devices. Since then, with numerous publications each year, the inorganic PSCs research community is keeping highly active, including novel deposition methods All-inorganic perovskites are considered to be one of the most appealing research hotspots in the field of perovskite photovoltaics in the past 3 years due to their superior thermal stability compared to their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts. The power-conversion efficiency has reached 17.06% and the number of important publications is ever increasing. Here, the progress of inorganic perovskites is systematically highlighted, covering materials design, preparation of high-quality perovskite films, and avoidance of phase in...

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“…It has been reported that SnF 2 additives in pure Sn perovskites reduce background carrier density, smooth the film surface, and increase carrier lifetimes . In mixed Sn‐Pb perovskites, the function of SnF 2 was found to increase current density and reduce hysteresis in low‐bandgap PSCs . Jen and co‐workers reported that SnF 2 additive in MAPb 0.5 Sn 0.5 I 3 perovskites improves the film quality without changing the bandgap .…”

Section: The Status Of Mixed Sn‐pb Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further increasing SnF 2 to over 20% results in the excessive SnF 2 residues, which is detrimental to device performance . Tsai et al reported that adding 30 mol% SnF 2 to MASn y Pb 1− y I 3− x Cl x precursor significantly increased the efficiency of the resulting PSCs from 2.15% to 4.35% and reduced the J–V hysteresis . Zong et al reported that SnF 2 ·3FACl additive in FACs‐based Sn‐Pb perovskite could improve the device efficiency and stability through grain boundary passivation .…”

Section: The Status Of Mixed Sn‐pb Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Bandgap Mixed Tin‐Lead Perovskites and Their Applications in All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Wang

Song

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

159

139

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Efficient organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite absorbers have gained tremendous research interest in the past decade due to their super optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance. Lead (Pb) halide perovskites enable highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 23%. However, the energy bandgaps of Pb halide perovskites are larger than the optimal bandgap for single junction solar cells, governed by the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) radiative limit. Mixed tin (Sn)-Pb halide perovskites have drawn significant attention, since their bandgap can be tuned to below 1.2 eV, which opens a door for fabricating all-perovskite tandem solar cells that can break the SQ radiative limit. This review summarizes the development of low-bandgap mixed Sn-Pb PSCs and their applications in all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Its aim is to facilitate the development of new approaches to achieve high efficiency low-bandgap single-junction mixed Sn-Pb PSCs and all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

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Role of Tin Chloride in Tin-Rich Mixed-Halide Perovskites Applied as Mesoscopic Solar Cells with a Carbon Counter Electrode

Cited by 84 publications

References 30 publications

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

Review on Recent Progress of All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites and Solar Cells

Low‐Bandgap Mixed Tin‐Lead Perovskites and Their Applications in All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

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